Risk factors related to the development of MES during exposure of the carotid arteries
| Factors | Development of MES | P Value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Yes (n = 23) | No (n = 57) | ||
| Age (yr) (mean) | 69.8 ± 5.6 | 69.2 ± 7.3 | .5507 |
| Male sex | 22 (95.7%) | 55 (96.5%) | >.9999 |
| Hypertension | 18 (78.3%) | 46 (80.7%) | >.9999 |
| Diabetes mellitus | 6 (26.1%) | 20 (35.1%) | .5989 |
| Dyslipidemia | 7 (30.4%) | 14 (24.6%) | .5867 |
| Symptomatic lesions | 19 (82.6%) | 31 (54.4%) | .0223 |
| Degree of ICA stenosis (%) (mean) | 86.8 ± 9.3 | 88.8 ± 8.1 | .4913 |
| Length of stenotic lesion (mm) (mean) | 52.2 ± 11.3 | 54.3 ± 11.9 | .4003 |
| Height of distal end of stenotic lesion relative to cervical vertebra (mean) | 2.8 ± 0.9 | 2.9 ± 0.8 | .6046 |
| Tortuosity of stenotic lesion (mean) | 107.0° ± 23.3° | 111.1° ± 24.0° | .4755 |
| Ulceration of stenotic lesion | 12 (52.2%) | 15 (26.3%) | .0372 |