Comparison of clinical, radiologic, and neurophysiologic data of patients with-versus-without temporal encephalocelesa
| Total | TEs (n = 52) | Without TEs (n = 366) | P | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Demographics | ||||
| Age (yr) | 43.3 ± 13.5 | 43.3 ± 12.1 | 36.4 ± 13.4 | <.001 |
| BMI | 28.7 (24.1–35.4) | 36.9 (30.0–40.7) | 27.7 (23.9–33.7) | <.001b |
| Age at onset (yr) | 15.0 (6.0–29.0) | 35.0 (29.0–45.0) | 14.0 (5.0–22.0) | <.001b |
| Years with epilepsy | 16.0 (7.0–27.0) | 4.5 (2.0–9.5) | 17.0 (9.0–28.0) | <.001b |
| Male | 176 (42.1%) | 9 (17.3%) | 167 (45.6%) | <.001 |
| Radiologic findings | ||||
| Normal initial MRI | 157 (37.6%) | 31 (59.6%) | 126 (34.7%) | <.001 |
| MRI magnet = 3T | 341 (81.8%) | 50 (96.2%) | 291 (79.7%) | .002c |
| SPACE was used | 175 (41.9%) | 37 (71.2%) | 138 (37.7%) | <.001 |
| Abnormal Meckel cave | 11 (2.6%) | 5 (9.6%) | 6 (1.6%) | <.001 |
| Abnormal sella turcica | 98 (23.4%) | 48 (92.3%) | 50 (13.7%) | <.001 |
| Papilledema, yes | 9 (2.2%) | 6 (11.5%) | 3 (0.8%) | <.001c |
| Seizure localization | ||||
| Seizures | <.001c | |||
| Temporal | 223 (57.6%) | 46 (90.2%) | 177 (52.7%) | |
| Nonlocalizable | 102 (26.4%) | 5 (9.8%) | 97 (28.9%) | |
| Nontemporal | 62 (16.0%) | 0 (0.0%) | 62 (16.0%) | |
| icEEG | .06c | |||
| No seizures | 1 (1.9%) | 1 (12.5%) | 0 (0.00%) | |
| Temporal | 34 (63.0%) | 7 (87.5%) | 27 (58.7%) | |
| Nontemporal | 11 (20.4%) | 0 (0.0%) | 11 (23.9%) | |
| Nonlocalizable | 7 (13.0%) | 0 (0.0%) | 7 (15.2%) | |
| Temp + extratemp | 1 (1.9%) | 0 (0.0%) | 1 (2.2%) |
Note:—icEEG indicates intracranial EEG; BMI, body mass index; temp, temporal; extratemp, extratemporal.
↵a Results of the analysis are presented as mean ± SD for continuous variables and No. (%) for categoric variables unless otherwise noted. To assess statistical associations, we conducted a t test for continuous variables and a χ2 test for categoric variables unless otherwise noted.
↵b Descriptive statistics are presented as median (25th, 75th percentiles) and were tested using a Wilcoxon rank sum test.
↵c Test conducted was a Fisher exact test.