Overview of surface-modified flow diverters
| Device | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| SPED | DED | p64/p48 MW HPC | |
| Manufacturer | Medtronic | Acandis | phenox |
| Year of release | 2014 | 2016 | 2017 |
| Stent structure | Permanent mesh cylinder braided from platinum, tungsten, and cobalt-chromium-nickel alloy wires | 24 Nitinol wires with radiopaque platinum core looped at the end, with a 48-wire braid | Drawn filled tubing wires with platinum core and nitinol coating |
| Diameter | 2.5–5 mm | 3.5–6 mm | p64: 2.5× 5 mm p48 MW: 1.75–2 mm |
| Length | 10–35 mm | 15–50 mm | p64: 9–30 mm p48 MW: 9–18 mm |
| Previous versions | 1) PED; original device available since 2008 2) FPED: resheathable and available since 2014 | A non-BlueXide (Acandis)-coated version was available briefly | p64/P48 MW non-HPC versions |
| Surface modifier | PC polymer (Shield technology) | BlueXide | pHPC |
| Description | <3-nm PC polymer covalently bonded to stent braids | 50-nm titanium oxide and titanium oxynitride surface finishing | Covalent bonding of the proprietary pHPC to the stent braids |
| Proposed mechanism | PC is a constituent of the red cell membranes, thus reduces platelet adhesion and activation | Reduces friction during delivery and expansion, thus reducing thrombogenicity | Mimics glycocalyx on the vessel wall to inhibit platelet plug formation |
Note:—PC indicates phosphorylcholine; pHPC, phenox Hydrophilic Polymer Coating; PFED, Pipeline Flex without Shield coating.