Bivariate analysis of imaging and laboratory findings in patients with COVID-19 dichotomized by location at stroke onset
| Variable | Median (IQR) | In-Hospital (No.) (%) | Out-of-Hospital (No.) (%) | P Value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Patients (No.) | 86 | 41 | 45 | |
| Age (yr) | ||||
| 20–69 years of age | 68 (60–76) | 20 (48.8) | 26 (57.8) | .403 |
| Sex, male | 26 (63.4) | 22 (48.9) | .176 | |
| Imaging | ||||
| Ischemic stroke | 39 (95.1) | 33 (73.3) | .006 | |
| Infarction, no hemorrhage | 26 (63.4) | 31 (68.9) | .001 | |
| Infarction with HT | 5 (12.2) | 1 (2.2) | ||
| Infarction and ICH | 8 (19.5) | 1 (2.2) | ||
| Pure ICH, no infarction | 2 (4.9) | 12 (26.8) | ||
| Multivascular territory infarction (n = 72) | 22 (56.4) | 11 (33.3) | .022 | |
| Deep vein thrombosis | 12 (29.3) | 1 (2.2) | .001 | |
| Laboratory values | ||||
| White blood cella | ||||
| ≥10.5 K/uL | 9.7 (7.2–14.7) | 25 (61.0) | 12 (26.7) | .001 |
| Lymphocytesb | ||||
| <1.00 K/uL | 0.6 (0.31–1.05) | 37 (90.2) | 25 (55.6) | .001 |
| Hemoglobina | ||||
| <11.5 g/dL | 12.3 (9.7–13.8) | 19 (46.3) | 16 (35.6) | .309 |
| Plateletsa | ||||
| <150 K/uL | 247 (152–335) | 9 (22.0) | 10 (22.2) | .976 |
| aPTTa,c | ||||
| >36.3 seconds | 30.9 (28.4–36.1) | 13 (32.5) | 7 (17.1) | .108 |
| INRa,c | ||||
| >1.20 | 1.17 (1.07–1.31) | 19 (48.7) | 17 (39.5) | .403 |
| D-dimer,c 4× nl | ||||
| >920 ng/mL | 3060 (1064–24,211) | 37 (92.5) | 17 (54.8) | .001 |
| C-reactive protein,c 2× nl | ||||
| >10.0 mg/L | 17.5 (6.4–28.8) | 30 (79.0) | 14 (43.8) | .002 |
| Ferritin,c 4× nl | ||||
| >1200 ng/mL | 1382 (706–2424) | 30 (79.0) | 10 (31.1) | <.001 |
| LDH,c 2× nl | ||||
| >484 U/L | 536 (357–815) | 27 (73.0) | 12 (42.9) | .014 |
| ALT,c 2× nl | ||||
| >90.0 U/L | 50 (29–136) | 32 (78.1) | 17 (39.5) | <.001 |
| Creatininec | ||||
| >1.30 mg/dL | 1.30 (0.93–2.81) | 28 (70.0) | 15 (34.1) | .001 |
Note:—HT indicates hemorrhagic transformation; ICH, intracranial hemorrhage; nl, upper limit of the normal value; aPTT, activated partial thromboplastin time; INR, international normalized ratio; LDH, lactate dehydrogenase; ALT, alanine aminotransferase; IQR, interquartile range.
↵a White blood cell count, hemoglobin, platelets, activated aPTT, and INR are from admission or at the time of consultation for stroke. Remaining laboratory values (except lymphocyte count) are the maximum level during the hospitalization.
↵b Lowest lymphocyte count during admission.
↵c Variable has missing values. The number and percentage (No.) (%) of patients with missing laboratory values are the following: aPTT (n = 5, 5.8%), INR (n = 4, 4.7%), D-dimer (n = 16, 18.6%), C-reactive protein (n = 16, 18.6%), ferritin (n = 16, 18.6%), LDH (n = 21, 24.4%), ALT, (n = 2, 2.3%), and creatinine (n = 2, 2.3%). All other variables have no missing values.