Women appear to have a lower incidence of sleep apnea, snoring, chronic mountain sickness and abnormal breathing than men, yet this beneficial effect appears to be lost with the decline in estrogen and progesterone seen during menopause (Leon-Velarde, Ramos, Hernandez, De Idiaquez, Munoz, Gaffo, Cordova, Durand and Monge 1997; Tatsumi, Pickett, Jacoby, Weil and Moore 1997). Further, although the ventilatory sensitivity to hypercapnia throughout the menstrual cycle in young women has been previously characterized, surprisingly few studies have compared resting ventilation (Ve) and hypercapnic ventilatory responses in young women (PEMW) (Regensteiner, Woodard, Hagerman, Weil, Pickett, Bender and Moore 1989) to postmenopausal women (PSMW). Finally, little is known about the ventilatory sensitivity to hypercapnia in PSMW taking hormonal therapy (PSMW-HT).
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Debert, C.T., Ide, K., Poulin, M.J. (2008). Ventilatory Response to Hypercapnia in Pre-menopausal and Post-menopausal Women. In: Poulin, M.J., Wilson, R.J.A. (eds) Integration in Respiratory Control. Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, vol 605. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-73693-8_79
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