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Clinical applications of susceptibility weighted MR imaging of the brain – a pictorial review

  • Diagnostic Neuroradiology
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Abstract

Introduction

Susceptibility-weighted imaging (SWI) is a novel magnetic resonance (MR) technique that exploits the magnetic susceptibility differences of various tissues, such as blood, iron and calcification. This pictorial review covers many clinical conditions illustrating its usefulness.

Methods

SWI consists of using both magnitude and phase images from a high-resolution, three-dimensional fully velocity-compensated gradient echo sequence. Phase mask is created from the MR phase images, and multiplying these with the magnitude images increase the conspicuity of the smaller veins and other sources of susceptibility effects, which is depicted using minimal intensity projection (minIP).

Results

The phase images are useful in differentiating between diamagnetic and paramagnetic susceptibility effects of calcium and blood, respectively. This unique MR sequence will help in detecting occult low flow vascular lesions, calcification and cerebral microbleed in various pathologic conditions and aids in characterizing tumors and degenerative diseases of the brain. This sequence also can be used to visualize normal brain structures with conspicuity.

Conclusion

Susceptibility-weighted imaging is useful in differentiating and characterizing diverse brain pathologies.

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Acknowledgements

We thank Siemens Medical Systems for providing with the SWI sequence and the post-processing tools. We also thank the Director, SCTIMST, for the permission to publish this paper.

Conflict of interest statement

We declare that we have no conflict of interest.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Imaging Sciences and Interventional Radiology, Sree Chitra Tirunal Institute for Medical Sciences and Technology, Trivandrum, Kerala, 695011, India

    Bejoy Thomas, Sivaraman Somasundaram, Krishnamoorthy Thamburaj, Chandrasekharan Kesavadas, Arun Kumar Gupta, Narendra K. Bodhey & Tirur Raman Kapilamoorthy

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  1. Bejoy Thomas
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Correspondence to Bejoy Thomas.

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Thomas, B., Somasundaram, S., Thamburaj, K. et al. Clinical applications of susceptibility weighted MR imaging of the brain – a pictorial review. Neuroradiology 50, 105–116 (2008). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00234-007-0316-z

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00234-007-0316-z

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