Evaluation of myelination by means of the T2 value on magnetic resonance imaging
Reference (12)
- et al.
Myelinated tracts and growth patterns
- et al.
Myelin in rat brain: changes in myelin composition during brain maturation
J Neurochem
(1973) - et al.
Sequence of central nervous system myelination in human infancy. I. An autopsy study of myelination
J Neuropathol Exp Neurol
(1987) - et al.
Developmental features of the neonatal brain: MR imaging. Part I. Gray-white matter differentiation and myelination
Radiology
(1987) - et al.
MRI of normal brain maturation
AJNR
(1986) - et al.
MR evaluation of early myelination patterns in normal and developmentally delayed infants
AJR
(1988)
Cited by (39)
Review of synthetic MRI in pediatric brains: Basic principle of MR quantification, its features, clinical applications, and limitations
2019, Journal of NeuroradiologyCitation Excerpt :However, precise visual evaluation is difficult, especially in the presence of developmental variability or if the observer lacks experience [41]. An objective assessment is required for accurate quantification of myelination [40,42]. Warntjes et al. [43] proposed a model in which each acquisition voxel is assumed to be composed of four partial volumes: myelin partial volume (VMY); cellular partial volume; free water partial volume; and excess parenchymal water partial volume (VEPW), where each partial volume has its own R1, R2, and PD [43].
Advanced Neonatal NeuroMRI
2012, Magnetic Resonance Imaging Clinics of North AmericaCitation Excerpt :From MR imaging studies of normal postnatal brain development, several important time-dependent MR imaging signal changes, such as a shortening of T1 and T2 relaxation times of the gray and white matter,9–12 have been described previously. Most of the time-dependent changes are attributed to an increase in lipid concentration caused by the myelination process.13–17 Because the white matter appears as hyperintense on newborn T2-weighted images, the rapid shortening of T2 in the white matter results in “contrast inversion” between the white and gray matter during postnatal development (Fig. 3).
Atlas-based investigation of human brain tissue microstructural spatial heterogeneity and interplay between transverse relaxation time and radial diffusivity
2011, NeuroImageCitation Excerpt :Macroscopic volumetry derived by T1-weighted MRI can be used to investigate age related volume atrophy (Walhovd et al., 2005; Fjell et al., 2009; Ostby et al., 2009) and disease-driven volume atrophy (Ramasamy, et al., 2009; Hasan et al., 2009a) of various regions of the brain. Quantitative MRI tissue markers such as T2 relaxation time derived using multiple spin-echo maps (Ono et al., 1993; Whittall et al., 1997; Baratti et al., 1999) and diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) metrics (Pierpaoli et al., 1996; Basser, 1997) such as fractional anisotropy (FA), mean diffusivity (MD), axial diffusivity (λ||) and radial diffusivity (λ┴) are sensitive to tissue microstructural parameters such as intra-axonal and cellular integrity, water distribution and myelin content in the brain (Le Bihan et al., 2001; Beaulieu, 2002). Transverse relaxation time has been hypothesized to be a sensitive marker of myelination (Ono et al., 1993; Whittall et al., 1997), structural integrity (Georgiades et al., 2001; Bartzokis et al., 2004) and has also been shown to be affected by non-heme iron deposition (Haacke et al., 2005; Jara et al., 2006; Bartzokis et al., 2007; House et al., 2008; Mitsumori et al., 2009; Yao et al., 2009).
Development of T2-relaxation values in regional brain sites during adolescence
2011, Magnetic Resonance ImagingCitation Excerpt :T2-relaxation values increase with increase in free water content [11], and free water content changes with disease and normal aging processes [5,12]. The procedure has been used to evaluate age-related brain myelin changes in pediatrics [13], and in several pediatric and adult medical conditions, demonstrating abnormalities not readily visible on conventional MRI, including traumatic brain injury [14], neurodegenerative conditions [4,7,15], cerebral neoplasia [16], ischemia [17], and symptomatic lesional epilepsy [18]. However, current T2 relaxometry data have primarily evaluated very young infants or adult subjects, and those studies principally examined only limited brain areas.
Clinical applications of quantitative T2 determination: A complementary MRI tool for routine diagnosis of suspected myelination disorders
2008, European Journal of Paediatric NeurologyCitation Excerpt :Thus, a monoexponential function could be used to deduce the T2 maps. Determination of T2 values in brain allowed more objective judgement than visual inspection, and made it possible to clarify whether the underlying abnormal myelination was progressive or not.9 However, in order to evaluate T2 values on patients for routine diagnostics it is prerequisite to know the range of T2 relaxation times on normal maturating brain at the corresponding age, which is unfortunately not yet available for routine use until now.