View-sharing in keyhole imaging: Partially compressed central k-space acquisition in time-resolved MRA at 3.0 T

doi:10.1016/j.ejrad.2010.04.020

European Journal of Radiology

Volume 80, Issue 2, November 2011, Pages 400-406

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejrad.2010.04.020 Get rights and content

Abstract

Introduction

Time-resolved contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance (MR) angiography (CEMRA) of the intracranial vasculature has proved its clinical value for the evaluation of cerebral vascular disease in cases where both flow hemodynamics and morphology are important. The purpose of this study was to evaluate a combination of view-sharing with keyhole imaging to increase spatial and temporal resolution of time-resolved CEMRA at 3.0 T.

Methods

Alternating view-sharing was combined with randomly segmented k-space ordering, keyhole imaging, partial Fourier and parallel imaging (4DkvsMRA). 4DkvsMRA was evaluated using varying compression factors (80–100) resulting in spatial resolutions ranging from (1.1 × 1.1 × 1.4) to (0.96 × 0.96 × 0.95) mm³ and temporal resolutions ranging from 586 ms/dynamic scan - 288 ms/dynamic scan in three protocols in 10 healthy volunteers and seven patients (17 subjects). DSA correlation was available in four patients with cerebral arteriovenous malformations (cAVMs) and one patient with cerebral teleangiectasia.

Results

4DkvsMRA was successfully performed in all subjects and showed clear depiction of arterial and venous phases with diagnostic image quality. At the maximum view-sharing compression factor (=100), a “flickering” artefact was observed.

Conclusion

View-sharing in keyhole imaging allows for increased spatial and temporal resolution in time-resolved MRA.

Introduction

Contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance angiography (CEMRA) techniques were continuously improved in the near past with the aim to further increase spatial resolution and reduce imaging time. For instance, venous contamination could successfully be reduced by starting acquisition in or near the center of k-space, as in elliptical centric [1] and randomly segmented central k-space ordering, CENTRA [2], whereas acquisition time dramatically was reduced by the implementation of parallel imaging [3].

However, the assessment of some vascular abnormalities requires fast imaging while maintaining high-spatial-resolution for adequate diagnosis of angioarchitecture and hemodynamics (e.g., cerebral arteriovenous malformations (cAVMs), peripheral arterial disease in diabetes and hemodialysis shunts [4]). Until now, digital subtraction angiography (DSA) remains the standard of reference for high-spatial and temporal resolution vascular imaging, but includes the drawbacks of an invasive X-ray-based procedure (e.g., use of ionizing radiation, injection of iodinated contrast agents, bleeding risk and stroke).

View-sharing was shown to be an effective method to increase temporal resolution while maintaining spatial resolution in CEMRA, e.g. in PR-hyper TRICKS [5]. An alternative, effective approach to increase temporal resolution is the keyhole method [6], [7]. In 4D-TRAK [8] the latter technique is combined with parallel imaging [3] and Partial Fourier Imaging. Adding an alternating view-sharing technique to 4D-TRAK holds promise to overcome current limitations of spatial and temporal resolution of CEMRA. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the feasibility to apply view-sharing to a combination of keyhole imaging, CENTRA, parallel imaging and partial Fourier acquisition (4D-TRAK) to further increase temporal and spatial resolution in time-resolved CEMRA (4DkvsMRA).

Section snippets

Technical note

Seven patients and 10 healthy volunteers (six men, 11 women; age range: 19–65 years, mean age: 38 ± 17 years) were examined using three 4DkvsMRA protocols. Five patients who presented with suspected cerebral arteriovenous malformations (cAVM) received digital subtraction angiography (DSA) during diagnostic work-up within 7 days after 4DkvsMRA (mean: 3.8 ± 2.8) days. One patient received both 4DkvsMRA and DSA, before and after surgical resection of cAVM. Age below 18 years, contraindications to MR

Discussion

We successfully implemented an alternating view-sharing technique into a fast acquisition keyhole-based technique that uses a combination of CENTRA-keyhole, parallel imaging and partial Fourier imaging (4DkvsMRA) to increase spatial and/or temporal resolution in CEMRA. To our knowledge, we present the first clinical experience on the application of 4DkvsMRA in volunteers and patients.

While 2D single thick slice techniques of time-resolved CEMRA have been reported to achieve very high temporal

Conflicts of interest

Jürgen Gieseke, Gabriele Beck and Liesbeth Geerts are employees of Philips Healthcare, but not shareholders. Only those authors who are not employees of Philips Healthcare had full control of inclusion of any data and information that might represent a conflict for the authors who are employees of Philips Healthcare. Dariusch Hadizadeh, Guido Kukuk Azize Boström, Horst Urbach, Hans Schild and Winfried Willinek have nothing to disclose.

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Technical noteView-sharing in keyhole imaging: Partially compressed central k-space acquisition in time-resolved MRA at 3.0 T

Abstract

Introduction

Methods

Results

Conclusion

Introduction

Section snippets

Technical note

Discussion

Conflicts of interest

Arterial phase carotid and vertebral artery imaging in 3D contrast-enhanced MR angiography by combining fluoroscopic triggering with an elliptical centric acquisition order

Magn Reson Med

Randomly segmented central k-space ordering in high-spatial-resolution contrast-enhanced MR angiography of the supraaortic arteries: initial experience

Radiology

SENSE: sensitivity encoding for fast MRI

Magn Reson Med

Advanced CT and MR imaging techniques: an academic whim or a clinical standard in the making?

Am J Neuroradiol

Time-resolved, undersampled projection reconstruction imaging for high-resolution CE-MRA of the distal runoff vessels

Magn Reson Med

k-Space substitution: a novel dynamic imaging technique

Magn Reson Med

“Keyhole” method for accelerating imaging of contrast agent uptake

J Magn Reson Imaging

4D time-resolved MR angiography with keyhole (4D-TRAK): more than 60 times accelerated MRA using a combination of CENTRA, keyhole, and SENSE at 3. 0 T

J Magn Reson Imaging

Technical note
View-sharing in keyhole imaging: Partially compressed central k-space acquisition in time-resolved MRA at 3.0 T