Abstract
Purpose:
To determine the nature and course of ocular abnormalities in glutaric aciduria (acidemia) type 1 (GA1).
Methods:
Fifteen children with GA1 have been studied in the Republic of Ireland. A retrospective review of the records of the 6 children who died during their illness and prospective clinical examination of 9 survivors were performed.
Results:
Seven of the 15 children had abnormal eye findings. Ocular complications included intraretinal hemorrhages, cataract, gaze palsy, strabismus, ametropia, and pigmentary retinopathy.
Conclusion:
Ocular involvement is common in glutaric aciduria. Complete ophthalmologic evaluation is recommended in all patients suspected to have this rare disease. Intraretinal hemorrhages due to GA1 could be misinterpreted as resulting from child abuse, and it is important to include this disorder with the differential diagnosis of child abuse.
MeSH terms
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Amino Acid Metabolism, Inborn Errors / complications*
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Amino Acid Metabolism, Inborn Errors / diagnosis
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Amino Acid Metabolism, Inborn Errors / urine
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Biomarkers
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Cataract / complications*
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Cataract / diagnosis
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Cataract / urine
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Child, Preschool
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Diagnosis, Differential
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Female
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Fibroblasts / enzymology
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Fibroblasts / pathology
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Glutarates / urine*
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Glutaryl-CoA Dehydrogenase
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Humans
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Infant
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Infant, Newborn
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Male
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Ocular Motility Disorders / complications*
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Ocular Motility Disorders / diagnosis
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Ocular Motility Disorders / urine
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Oxidoreductases / metabolism
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Oxidoreductases Acting on CH-CH Group Donors*
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Prognosis
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Prospective Studies
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Refractive Errors / complications*
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Refractive Errors / diagnosis
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Refractive Errors / urine
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Retinitis Pigmentosa / complications*
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Retinitis Pigmentosa / diagnosis
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Retinitis Pigmentosa / urine
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Retrospective Studies
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Skin / enzymology
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Skin / pathology
Substances
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Biomarkers
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Glutarates
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Oxidoreductases
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Oxidoreductases Acting on CH-CH Group Donors
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Glutaryl-CoA Dehydrogenase