Malformations of the craniofacial region: evolutionary, embryonic, genetic, and clinical perspectives

Am J Med Genet. 2002 Dec 30;115(4):245-68. doi: 10.1002/ajmg.10982.

Abstract

Malformations of the craniofacial region are reviewed with respect to evolutionary, embryonic, genetic, and clinical perspectives under the following headings: How Old Is Our Head?, Head Organization Genes, Genetics of Craniofacial Anomalies, Craniofacial Derivatives, Anencephaly, Cephalocele, Holoprosencephaly, Craniosynostosis, Hypertelorism, Branchial Arch Anomalies, and Orofacial Clefting.

Publication types

  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Abnormalities, Multiple / genetics
  • Abnormalities, Multiple / pathology
  • Anencephaly
  • Biological Evolution
  • Craniofacial Abnormalities / classification
  • Craniofacial Abnormalities / embryology*
  • Craniofacial Abnormalities / etiology
  • Craniofacial Abnormalities / genetics*
  • Craniosynostoses / genetics
  • Face / abnormalities*
  • Holoprosencephaly
  • Humans
  • Hypertelorism
  • Skull / abnormalities*