Imaging spectrum of CNS coccidioidomycosis: prevalence and significance of concurrent brain and spinal disease

AJR Am J Roentgenol. 2013 Jun;200(6):1334-46. doi: 10.2214/AJR.12.9264.

Abstract

Objective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the prevalence and significance of concurrent coccidioidal brain and intraspinal disease.

Materials and methods: We conducted a retrospective imaging review of 23 patients with proven coccidioidal CNS meningitis.

Results: All patients had intracranial abnormalities, and 86% (19/22) who underwent spinal imaging had signs of intraspinal disease, including leptomeningeal enhancement (84%), arachnoiditis (63%), and cord signal abnormalities (37%); seven of 15 patients (47%) who underwent myelography had complete spinal blocks.

Conclusion: The high prevalence of concurrent brain and intraspinal coccidioidomycosis supports a low threshold for spinal imaging.

MeSH terms

  • Adolescent
  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Brain Diseases / complications
  • Brain Diseases / diagnosis*
  • Brain Diseases / epidemiology
  • Brain Diseases / microbiology*
  • California / epidemiology
  • Child
  • Child, Preschool
  • Coccidioidomycosis / diagnosis*
  • Coccidioidomycosis / epidemiology
  • Coccidioidomycosis / microbiology*
  • Contrast Media
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Magnetic Resonance Angiography
  • Magnetic Resonance Imaging / methods*
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Prevalence
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Spinal Diseases / complications
  • Spinal Diseases / diagnosis*
  • Spinal Diseases / epidemiology
  • Spinal Diseases / microbiology*
  • Tomography, X-Ray Computed / methods*

Substances

  • Contrast Media