Oxidative & nitrosative stress in depression: why so much stress?

Steven Moylan; Michael Berk; Olivia M Dean; Yuval Samuni; Lana J Williams; Adrienne O'Neil; Amie C Hayley; Julie A Pasco; George Anderson; Felice N Jacka; Michael Maes

doi:10.1016/j.neubiorev.2014.05.007

Oxidative & nitrosative stress in depression: why so much stress?

Neurosci Biobehav Rev. 2014 Sep:45:46-62. doi: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2014.05.007. Epub 2014 May 21.

Authors

Affiliations

¹ IMPACT Strategic Research Centre, School of Medicine, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia; Barwon Health, Geelong, Victoria, Australia. Electronic address: steven.moylan@deakin.edu.au.
² IMPACT Strategic Research Centre, School of Medicine, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia; Florey Institute for Neuroscience and Mental Health University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia; School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Prahran, Victoria, Australia; University of Melbourne, Department of Psychiatry, Level 1 North, Main Block, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Parkville 3052, Australia; Barwon Health, Geelong, Victoria, Australia; Orygen Youth Health Research Centre, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.
³ IMPACT Strategic Research Centre, School of Medicine, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia; Florey Institute for Neuroscience and Mental Health University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia; University of Melbourne, Department of Psychiatry, Level 1 North, Main Block, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Parkville 3052, Australia.
⁴ IMPACT Strategic Research Centre, School of Medicine, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia.
⁵ IMPACT Strategic Research Centre, School of Medicine, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia; University of Melbourne, Department of Psychiatry, Level 1 North, Main Block, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Parkville 3052, Australia.
⁶ IMPACT Strategic Research Centre, School of Medicine, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia; School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Prahran, Victoria, Australia.
⁷ IMPACT Strategic Research Centre, School of Medicine, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia; Northwest Academic Centre, University of Melbourne, St. Albans, Victoria, Australia.
⁸ CRC Scotland & London, London, United Kingdom.
⁹ IMPACT Strategic Research Centre, School of Medicine, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia; Department of Psychiatry, Chulalongkorn University, Faculty of Medicine, Bangkok, Thailand; Department of Psychiatry, State University of Londrina, Londrina, Brazil.

PMID: 24858007
DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2014.05.007

Abstract

Many studies support a crucial role for oxidative & nitrosative stress (O&NS) in the pathophysiology of unipolar and bipolar depression. These disorders are characterized inter alia by lowered antioxidant defenses, including: lower levels of zinc, coenzyme Q10, vitamin E and glutathione; increased lipid peroxidation; damage to proteins, DNA and mitochondria; secondary autoimmune responses directed against redox modified nitrosylated proteins and oxidative specific epitopes. This review examines and details a model through which a complex series of environmental factors and biological pathways contribute to increased redox signaling and consequently increased O&NS in mood disorders. This multi-step process highlights the potential for future interventions that encompass a diverse range of environmental and molecular targets in the treatment of depression.

Keywords: Antioxidants; Autoimmune; Bipolar disorder; Depression; Inflammation; Oxidative & nitrosative stress.

Publication types

Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Review

MeSH terms

Animals
Depressive Disorder / drug therapy
Depressive Disorder / genetics
Depressive Disorder / physiopathology*
Humans
Neuroimmunomodulation / physiology
Oxidative Stress / physiology*