Gadolinium deposition in the brain: summary of evidence and recommendations

Affiliations

• ¹ Department of Radiology, Department of Urology, and Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Case Western Reserve University, and University Hospitals Case Medical Center, Cleveland, OH, USA. Electronic address: vikas@case.edu.
• ² Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Heidelberg, VIC, Australia; Florey Department of Neuroscience and Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
• ³ Department of Radiology, Department of Medicine, and National Science Foundation Engineering Research Center, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
• ⁴ Department of Radiology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
• ⁵ Department of Radiology, Department of Medical Physics, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Department of Medicine, and Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, USA.