A hypercapnia-based normalization method for improved spatial localization of human brain activation with fMRI

NMR Biomed. 1997 Jun-Aug;10(4-5):197-203. doi: 10.1002/(sici)1099-1492(199706/08)10:4/5<197::aid-nbm466>3.0.co;2-s.

Abstract

An issue in blood oxygenation level dependent contrast-based functional MRI is the accurate interpretation of the activation-induced signal changes. Hemodynamic factors other than activation-induced changes in blood oxygenation are known to contribute to the signal change magnitudes and dynamics, and therefore need to be accounted for or removed. In this paper, a general method for removal of effects other than activation-induced blood oxygenation changes from fMRI brain activation maps by the use of hypercapnic stress normalization is introduced. First, the effects of resting blood volume distribution across voxels on activation-induced BOLD-based fMRI signal changes are shown to be significant. Second, the effects of hypercapnia and hypoxia on resting and activation-induced signal changes are demonstrated. These results suggest that global hemodynamic stresses may be useful for non-invasive mapping of blood volume. Third, the normalization technique is demonstrated.

MeSH terms

  • Brain / anatomy & histology*
  • Brain / blood supply
  • Brain / physiology*
  • Brain Mapping / methods*
  • Carbon Dioxide / blood*
  • Humans
  • Image Processing, Computer-Assisted / methods
  • Magnetic Resonance Imaging / methods*
  • Oxygen / blood

Substances

  • Carbon Dioxide
  • Oxygen