The NF-κB transcription factor is the master regulator of the inflammatory response and is
essential for the homeostasis of the immune system. NF-κB regulates the transcription of genes …

Although the importance of human genetic polymorphisms in therapeutic outcomes is well
established, the role of our 'second genome' (the microbiome) has been largely overlooked. In …

Charles Darwin attributed human evolutionary success to three traits. Our social habits and
anatomy were important, he said, but the critical feature was our intelligence, because it led …

Long-term dietary intake influences the structure and activity of the trillions of microorganisms
residing in the human gut 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 , but it remains unclear how rapidly and …

Mammals exhibit marked interindividual variations in their gut microbiota, but it remains
unclear if this is primarily driven by host genetics or by extrinsic factors like dietary intake. To …

Dietary polyphenols protect against metabolic syndrome, despite limited absorption and
digestion, raising questions about their mechanism of action. We hypothesized that one …

While cooking has long been argued to improve the diet, the nature of the improvement has
not been well defined. As a result, the evolutionary significance of cooking has variously …

Immune homeostasis is essential for the normal functioning of the immune system, and its
breakdown leads to fatal inflammatory diseases. We report here the identification of a member …

The NF-κB transcription factor was discovered 30 years ago and has since emerged as the
master regulator of inflammation and immune homeostasis. It achieves this status by means …

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are frequently associated with cytotoxicity, often being
described as damaging, harmful or toxic. It is generally assumed that, under pathological …