We read with interest the study by Futami et al, 1 “Identification of Vortex Cores in Cerebral
Aneurysms on 4D Flow MRI.” They described the visualization, complexity, and stability of …

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: The complexity and instability of the vortex flow in
aneurysms are factors related to the rupture risk of unruptured cerebral aneurysms. We …

Objective The spatiotemporal instability of intra-aneurysmal vortex flow may be associated
with unruptured cerebral aneurysm rupture. We identified morphological factors that affect …

4D flow-sensitive MRI was used with 3D flow visualization techniques and a vortex core
detection algorithm to detect patterns of swirling flow in the aorta, the carotid arteries as well …

Objective: Characteristics of vortices within intracranial aneurysmal flow patterns have been
associated with increased risk of rupture. The classifications of these vortex characteristics …

Effective vectors and approaches are proposed to identify the three-dimensional (3D) vortex
motion in small intracranial aneurysms (≤ 7 mm) based on four dimensional flow magnetic …

Six patients with large or giant cerebral aneurysms were examined with 4D-Flow MRI and
analyzed regarding 3D flow patterns and aneurysm wall shear stress (WSS). Two distinct …

An intracranial aneurysm (IA) is a cerebrovascular pathology that can lead to death or
disability if ruptured. Abnormal wall shear stress (WSS) has been associated with IA growth …

Introduction: While previous studies have shown a link between changes in aneurysmal wall
shear stress (WSS) and risk of rupture, the association between the development of WSS …

Nederkoorn et al (1) conclude that flow voids on nonenhanced 3D time-of-flight (TOF) MR
angiography (MRA) images represent severe carotid artery stenosis. Although they present …