Second Branchial Cleft Cysts: Variability of Sonographic Appearances in Adult Cases

References

1. Hyndman OR, Light G. The branchial apparatus. Arch Surg 1929;19:410-452

   CrossRefWeb of Science
2. Shedden WM. Branchial cysts and fistulae. N Engl J Med 1931;205:800-811

   Web of Science
3. Neel HB, Pemberton J. Lateral cervical cysts and fistulas. Surgery 1945;18:267-286

   Web of Science
4. Weismann JL. Nonnodal masses of the neck. In: Som PM, Curtin HD, eds. Head & Neck Imaging. 3rd ed. St. Louis: Mosby-Year Book; 1996:794-822
5. Harnsberger HR. Cystic masses of the head and neck: rare lesions with characteristic radiologic features. In: Harnsberger RH, ed. Handbook of Head & Neck Imaging. 2nd ed. St. Louis: Mosby Year-Book; 1995:199-223
6. Reede DL. Nodal and non-nodal neck masses: part II: non-nodal neck masses. In: Som PM, Curtin HD, Holliday RA, eds. Special Course in Head and Neck Radiology. RSNA; 1996:75-86
7. Scheible FW, Leopold GR. Diagnostic imaging in head and neck disease: current applications of ultrasound. Head Neck Surg 1978;1:1-11

   PubMed
8. Gooding GAW. Gray scale detection of carotid body tumours. Radiology 1979;132:409-410

   CrossRefPubMed
9. Blei CL, Gooding GAW, Rector W. Ultrasonic and fluoroscent scanning: a combined noninvasive diagnostic approach to extrathyroidal neck lesions. Am J Surg 1977;134:369-374

   PubMed
10. Goldberg BB. Ultrasonic evaluation of superficial masses. J Clin Ultrasound 1975;3:91-94

    PubMed
11. Gooding GAW, Herzog KA, Laing FC, McDonald EJ. Ultrasonic assessment of neck masses. J Clin Ultrasound 1977;5:248-252

    PubMed
12. Perrin C, Vermelin M. Kystes branchiaux de decouverte tardive interet de l'echographie. J Fr Otorhinollaryngol 1973;22:893-896
13. ↵
    Bruneton JN, Fenart D. Other cervical sites. In: Bruneton JN, ed. Ultrasonography of the Neck. Berlin: Springer-Verlag; 1987:93-106
14. ↵
    Koeller KK, Alamo L, Adair CF, Smirniotopoulos JG. Congenital cystic masses of the neck: radiologic-pathologic correlation. Radiographics 1999;19:121-146

    CrossRefPubMedWeb of Science
15. ↵
    Baatenburg deJong RJ, Rongen RJ, Lameris JS, Knegt P, Verwoerd CDA. Evaluation of Branchiogenic cysts by ultrasound. ORL J Otorhinolaryngol Relat Spec 1993;55:294-298

    PubMed
16. ↵
    Golledge J, Ellis H. The etiology of lateral cervical (branchial) cysts: past and present theories. J Laryngol Otol 1994;108:653-659

    PubMed
17. ↵
    Harnsberger HR, Mancusco AA, Muraki AS, et al. Branchial cleft anomalies and their mimics: computed tomographic evaluation. Radiology 1984;152:739-748

    PubMedWeb of Science
18. ↵
    Bailey H. Branchial Cysts and Other Essays on Surgical Subjects in the Facio-cervical Region. London: H.K Lewis & Company; 1929
19. Miller M, Rao M, Tom B. Cystic masses of the head and neck: pitfalls in CT and MR interpretation. AJR Am J Roentgenol 1992;159:601-607

    CrossRefPubMed
20. ↵
    Som P, Sacher M, Lanzieri C, et al. Parenchymal cysts of the lower neck. Radiology 1985;157:399-406

    PubMedWeb of Science
21. Som P. Cystic lesions of the neck. Postgrad Radiol 1987;7:211-236
22. ↵
    Telander R, Deane S. Thyroglossal and branchial cleft cysts and sinuses. Surg Clin North Am 1977;57:779-791

    PubMedWeb of Science
23. Sedgwick CE, Walsh J. Branchial cysts and fistulas. Am J Surg 1952;83:3-8

    CrossRefPubMedWeb of Science
24. Deane S, Telander R. Surgery for thyroglossal duct and branchial cleft anomalies. Am J Surg 1978;136:348-353

    CrossRefPubMedWeb of Science
25. ↵
    Badami PJ, Athey PA. Sonography in the diagnosis of branchial cysts. AJR Am J Roentgenol 1981;137:1245-1248

    PubMedWeb of Science
26. ↵
    Reynolds JH, Wolinski AP. Sonographic appearance of branchial cysts. Clin Radiol 1993;2:109-110
27. ↵
    Ahuja A, Ying M, Yang WT, Evans R, King W, Metreweli C. The use of sonography in differentiating cervical lymphomatous nodes from cervical metastatic lymph nodes. Clin Radiol 1996;51:186-190

    CrossRefPubMed
28. ↵
    Ahuja A, Ying M, Evans R, King W, Metreweli C. The application of ultrasound criteria for malignancy in differentiating tuberculous cervical adenitis from metastatic nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Clin Radiol 1995;50:391-395

    CrossRefPubMed
29. ↵
    Ahuja AT, King AD, Kew J, King W, Metreweli C. Head and neck lipomas: ultrasound appearances. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 1998;19:505-508

    Abstract
30. ↵
    King AD, Ahuja AT, King W, Metreweli C. Sonography of peripheral nerve tumors of the neck. AJR Am J Roentgenol 1997;169:1695-1698

    PubMedWeb of Science
31. ↵
    Hoddick WK, Callen PW, Filly RA, Mahony BS, Edwards MB. Ultrasound evaluation of benign sciatic nerve sheath tumours. J Ultrasound Med 1984;3:505-507

    Abstract
32. Chinn DH, Filly RA, Callen PW. Unusual ultrasonographic appearance of a solid schwannoma. J Clin Ultrasound 1982;10:243-245

    PubMed
33. ↵
    Baatenburg de Jong RJ, Rongen RJ, Lameris JS, Knegt P, Verwoerd CDA. Ultrasound in the diagnosis of laryngoceles. ORL J Otorhinolaryngol Relat Spec 1993;55:290-293

    PubMed
34. ↵
    Tahir M, Wood A, Chan O. Unusual MR appearance in a branchial cyst. Clin Radiol 1999; 54:263-264

    PubMed