Article Figures & Data
Figures
- Fig 1.
A 41-year-old woman with a family history of aneurysms and positive genetic testing for LDS type 1 had tortuous bilateral ICAs and a fusiform 8-mm aneurysm distal to the right ICA (arrow).
- Fig 2.
A 41-year-old man and his son had positive genetic testing for LDS type 1 after he had intracranial hemorrhage as a complication of dissection and some connective tissue features of LDS. Focal vertebral artery dissection is demonstrated on sagittal (A, arrow) and axial (B) views.
- Fig 3.
An 8-year-old genetically confirmed patient with significant arterial tortuosity is demonstrated in carotid (A) and supra-aortic branches (B).
- Fig 4.
A 29-year-old male patient with positive genetic testing and dural ectasia noted on CT of the abdomen and pelvis and other connective tissue manifestations like bilateral shoulder.
- Fig 5.
An 11-year-old girl with positive genetic testing and other connective tissue manifestations demonstrates spine instability at both C1 and C2 (note atlantoaxial distance variation) and at C2 through C3 with flexion (A) and extension (B) views.
Tables
Comparison of the current study and a previously published report* on CNS and head and neck findings in LDS type I
Findings Current Series (%) Previously Published Series (%) Arterial tortuosity 100 84 Aneurysms 32 52 Craniosynostosis 48 48 Scoliosis 52 50 Spine instability 24 18 Hypertelorism 80 90 Cleft palate or abnormal uvula 92 90 Malar hypoplasia 60 60 Retrognathia 48 50 Blue sclera 44 40 Chiari 1 malformation 8 10 Developmental delay 12 15 -
Note:—CNS indicates central nervous system; LOS, Loeys-Dietz Syndrome.
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* Loeys et al.1
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