Article Figures & Data
Figures
- Fig 1.
A 74-year-old female patient with acute stroke due to acute intracranial ICA occlusion. DWI (A and B) shows acute infarctions involving the left medial temporal lobe (arrows), left internal capsule (arrowheads), and other parts of left temporal lobe. C, A delayed-phase radiograph obtained after a left ICA angiographic run shows complete occlusion (arrow) at the distal intracranial portion of the left ICA. D, Left ICA angiogram obtained after stent-retriever thrombectomy shows complete recanalization of the left ICA with good distal perfusion. E, Gradient-echo MR image obtained 1 day after thrombectomy shows parenchymal hematomas in the left medial temporal lobe (black arrow) and other parts of the left temporal lobe (white arrows).
- Fig 2.
Distribution of mRS scores at 90 days according to the presence or absence of anterior choroidal artery infarction after thrombectomy in patients with acute intracranial ICA occlusion.
- Fig 3.
Distribution of mRS scores at 90 days, according to the reperfusion status after thrombectomy in patients with acute intracranial ICA occlusion.
Tables
- Table 1:
Comparison of characteristics according to the presence or absence of anterior choroidal artery infarction on pretreatment DWIa
All Patients (n = 113) Positive for Anterior Choroidal Artery Infarction (n = 60) Negative for Anterior Choroidal Artery Infarction (n = 53) P Age (yr) 74 (63–78) 73 (62.25–78) 74 (65–80.50) .152 Sex, male 53 (46.9) 26 (43.3) 27 (50.9) .419 Risk factors Hypertension 76 (67.3) 41 (68.3) 35 (66) .795 Diabetes mellitus 31 (27.4) 20 (33.3) 11 (20.8) .135 Dyslipidemia 31 (27.4) 16 (26.7) 15 (28.3) .846 Smoking 25 (22.1) 8 (13.3) 17 (32.1) .017 Atrial fibrillation 69 (61.1) 38 (63.3) 31 (58.5) .598 Coronary artery disease 19 (16.8) 10 (16.7) 9 (16.9) .964 Previous stroke or TIA 16 (14.2) 7 (11.7) 9 (16.9) .419 Congestive heart failure 7 (6.2) 4 (6.7) 3 (5.7) 1.000 Intravenous thrombolysis 60 (53.1) 35 (58.3) 25 (47.2) .235 DWI-ASPECTS 7 (5–8) 6 (4–8) 7 (5.5–8) .059 Time to puncture (median) (IQR) (min) 220 (160–290) 205 (151.25–297.50) 240 (179–298) .211 Procedure duration (min) 35 (25–50) 35 (25–50) 42 (23–53.5) .490 Time to reperfusion (min) 253 (197–337) 236.50 (186.25–332.00) 282 (206.5–350) .214 Baseline NIHSS score 14 (11–17) 14 (12–17) 15 (10–17) .701 Underlying intracranial atherosclerotic stenosis 12 (10.6) 4 (6.7) 8 (15.1) .221 Cervical ICA tandem occlusion 10 (8.8) 3 (5) 7 (13.2) .185 Stroke subtype .509 Cardioembolism 74 (65.5) 42 (70) 32 (60.4) Large-artery atherosclerosis 18 (15.9) 6 (10) 12 (22.6) Undetermined 19 (16.8) 12 (20) 7 (13.2) Other 2 (1.8) 0 2 (3.8) Note:—IQR indicates interquartile range.
↵a Values are presented as No. (%) or median (IQR).
- Table 2:
Comparison of treatment outcomes between patients with and without anterior choroidal artery infarctiona
All Patients (n = 113) Positive for Anterior Choroidal Artery Infarction (n = 60) Negative for Anterior Choroidal Artery Infarction (n = 53) P Successful reperfusion 89 (78.8) 45 (75) 44 (83.0) .298 90-Day mRS 0–2 41 (37.2) 15 (25) 26 (49.1) .008 Parenchymal hemorrhage 8 (7.1) 8 (13.3) 0 .007 Symptomatic hemorrhage 4 (3.5) 4 (6.7) 0 .121 90-Day mortality 12 (10.6) 6 (10) 6 (11.3) .820 ↵a Values are presented as No. (%).
All Patients (n = 113) Good Outcome (n = 41) Poor Outcome (n = 72) P Age (yr) 74 (63–78) 70 (62–77.5) 74 (64–79.75) .105 Sex, male 53 (46.9) 21 (51.2) 32 (44.4) .488 Risk factors Hypertension 76 (67.3) 27 (65.9) 49 (68.1) .810 Diabetes mellitus 31 (27.4) 8 (19.5) 23 (31.9) .154 Dyslipidemia 31 (27.4) 13 (31.7) 18 (25) .442 Smoking 25 (22.1) 12 (29.3) 13 (18.1) .167 Atrial fibrillation 69 (61.1) 21 (51.2) 48 (66.7) .105 Coronary artery disease 19 (16.8) 10 (24.4) 9 (12.5) .104 Previous stroke or TIA 16 (14.2) 6 (14.6) 10 (13.9) .913 Congestive heart failure 7 (6.2) 4 (9.8) 3 (4.2) .253 Intravenous thrombolysis 60 (53.1) 21 (51.2) 39 (54.2) .763 Anterior choroidal artery infarction on DWI 60 (53.1) 15 (36.6) 45 (62.5) .008 DWI-ASPECTS 7 (5–8) 7 (5–9) 6 (5–8) .044 Time to procedure (min) 220 (160–290) 225 (138.5–292.5) 220 (161.25–297.5) .770 Procedural time (min) 35 (25–50) 30 (20–45) 43 (27.25–58.75) .023 Time to reperfusion (min) 253 (197–337) 252 (173–338) 258 (200.75–358) .429 Baseline NIHSS score 14 (11–17) 13 (10–17) 15 (12–17) .182 Underlying severe intracranial stenosis 12 (10.6) 8 (19.5) 4 (5.6) .028 Cervical ICA tandem occlusion 10 (8.8) 3 (7.3) 7 (9.7) .745 Stroke etiology .411 Cardioembolism 74 (65.5) 24 (58.5) 50 (69.4) Large-artery atherosclerosis 18 (15.9) 10 (24.4) 8 (11.1) Undetermined 19 (16.8) 5 (12.2) 14 (19.4) Other 2 (1.8) 2 (4.9) 0 Successful reperfusion 89 (78.8) 39 (95.1) 50 (69.4) .001 Parenchymal hemorrhage 8 (7.1) 0 8 (11.1) .049 Symptomatic hemorrhage 4 (3.5) 0 4 (5.6) .295 ↵a Values are presented as No. (%) or median (IQR).
- Table 4:
Univariate and multivariate binary logistic regression analysis for predictors of good 90-day outcome
Variable Unadjusted OR (95% CI) P Adjusted OR (95% CI) P Age, per 1-year increase 0.975 (0.942–1.009) .149 – – Baseline NIHSS score, per 1-point increase 0.922 (0.834–1.019) .112 – – Anterior choroidal artery infarction 0.346 (0.156–0.766) .009 0.333 (0.135–0.824) .017 DWI-ASPECTS, per 1-point increase 1.232 (1.004–1.511) .046 – – Procedure duration, per 1-min increase 0.980 (0.961–1.000) .047 – – Underlying severe intracranial stenosis 4.121 (1.157–14.678) .029 – – Successful reperfusion 8.580 (1.901–38.718) .005 5.598 (1.135–27.604) .034
