RT Journal Article SR Electronic T1 Dextromethorphan Associated Neurotoxicity with Cerebellar Edema (DANCE) Syndrome in Young Children: Neuroimaging Features JF American Journal of Neuroradiology JO Am. J. Neuroradiol. FD American Society of Neuroradiology SP ajnr.A8455 DO 10.3174/ajnr.A8455 A1 Sharma, Smily A1 Tiwari, Sarbesh A1 Saini, Lokesh A1 Yadav, Taruna A1 Manjunathan, Sujatha A1 Panda, Ananya A1 Choudhary, Bharat A1 Khera, Daisy YR 2024 UL http://www.ajnr.org/content/early/2024/08/16/ajnr.A8455.abstract AB Dextromethorphan toxicity in young children (especially those with age 4 years or younger) can have an extremely poor prognosis if untreated. However, if timely recognized and optimally managed, it can have a good clinical outcome despite significant initial insult. We present 3 pediatric cases (< 5 years old) with sudden unresponsiveness following ingestion of cough medications containing dextromethorphan. All these children showed cytotoxic edema in cerebellar hemispheres on MR brain, with diffusion restricting foci in supratentorial white matter in 2 patients. These features resemble the recently described acute opioid toxidrome in children, the POUNCE syndrome (Pediatric Opioid Use-associated Neurotoxicity with Cerebellar Edema). Hence, we name this entity “DANCE” (Dextromethorphan Associated Neurotoxicity with Cerebellar Edema) to increase the awareness of dextromethorphan toxicity in young children and the need to promptly recognize it to initiate optimal management.ABBREVIATIONS: POUNCE= Pediatric Opioid Use-associated Neurotoxicity with Cerebellar Edema; DANCE= Dextromethorphan Associated Neurotoxicity with Cerebellar Edema