@article {Spinos203, author = {Efstathios Spinos and D. Wayne Laster and Dixon M. Moody and Marshall R. Ball and Richard L. Witcofski and David L. Kelly, Jr.}, title = {MR Evaluation of Chiari I Malformations at 0.15 T}, volume = {6}, number = {2}, pages = {203--208}, year = {1985}, publisher = {American Journal of Neuroradiology}, abstract = {Twelve patients with known or presumed Chiari I malformations and two with clinical diagnoses of multiple sclerosis were examined by magnetic resonance (MR) imaging. MR confirmed or established the diagnosis of Chiari I malformation in all 14 cases. The spin-echo technique with a short time to echo (TE = 40 msec) and a short time to recover (TR = 1000 msec) provided optimum imaging of tonsillar position, hydromyelia cavities, and cervicomedullary {\textquotedblleft}kinking.{\textquotedblright} Long TE (\>80 msec) and TR (\>2000 msec) increase the signal intensity of cerebrospinal fluid and may obscure the pathology. Sagittal, transaxial, and coronal images provided complementary data; sagittal and coronal views best imaged the abnormal spinal cord and tonsils, but slitlike cavities were best seen on transaxial images. Cervicomedullary kinking was found in 10 (71\%) of 14 patients and in 90\% of the hydromyelic patients. This high incidence suggests that in other radiologic techniques tonsillar herniation masks the kinking. Symptoms of the Chiari I malformation overlap those of demyelinating diseases and brain tumors. Our early experience suggests MR is the preferred noninvasive procedure for identifying Chiari I malformation. Moreover, the ability to portray the variable cavity morphology of hydromyelia directly offers the potential for improved shunt placement.}, issn = {0195-6108}, URL = {https://www.ajnr.org/content/6/2/203}, eprint = {https://www.ajnr.org/content/6/2/203.full.pdf}, journal = {American Journal of Neuroradiology} }