PT  - JOURNAL ARTICLE
AU  - Ho, M.-L.
AU  - Moonis, G.
AU  - Halpin, C.F.
AU  - Curtin, H.D.
TI  - Spectrum of Third Window Abnormalities: Semicircular Canal Dehiscence and Beyond
AID  - 10.3174/ajnr.A4922
DP  - 2017 Jan 01
TA  - American Journal of Neuroradiology
PG  - 2--9
VI  - 38
IP  - 1
4099  - http://www.ajnr.org/content/38/1/2.short
4100  - http://www.ajnr.org/content/38/1/2.full
SO  - Am. J. Neuroradiol.2017 Jan 01; 38
AB  - SUMMARY: Third window abnormalities are defects in the integrity of the bony structure of the inner ear, classically producing sound-/pressure-induced vertigo (Tullio and Hennebert signs) and/or a low-frequency air-bone gap by audiometry. Specific anatomic defects include semicircular canal dehiscence, perilabyrinthine fistula, enlarged vestibular aqueduct, dehiscence of the scala vestibuli side of the cochlea, X-linked stapes gusher, and bone dyscrasias. We discuss these various entities and provide key examples from our institutional teaching file with a discussion of symptomatology, temporal bone CT, audiometry, and vestibular-evoked myogenic potentials.EVASenlarged vestibular aqueduct syndromeSSCCDsuperior semicircular canal dehiscence