RT Journal Article
SR Electronic
T1 Sodium MR Neuroimaging
JF American Journal of Neuroradiology
JO Am. J. Neuroradiol.
FD American Society of Neuroradiology
SP 1920
OP 1926
DO 10.3174/ajnr.A7261
VO 42
IS 11
A1 A. Hagiwara
A1 M. Bydder
A1 T.C. Oughourlian
A1 J. Yao
A1 N. Salamon
A1 R. Jahan
A1 J.P. Villablanca
A1 D.R. Enzmann
A1 B.M. Ellingson
YR 2021
UL http://www.ajnr.org/content/42/11/1920.abstract
AB SUMMARY: Sodium MR imaging has the potential to complement routine proton MR imaging examinations with the goal of improving diagnosis, disease characterization, and clinical monitoring in neurologic diseases. In the past, the utility and exploration of sodium MR imaging as a valuable clinical tool have been limited due to the extremely low MR signal, but with recent improvements in imaging techniques and hardware, sodium MR imaging is on the verge of becoming clinically realistic for conditions that include brain tumors, ischemic stroke, and epilepsy. In this review, we briefly describe the fundamental physics of sodium MR imaging tailored to the neuroradiologist, focusing on the basics necessary to understand factors that play into making sodium MR imaging feasible for clinical settings and describing current controversies in the field. We will also discuss the current state of the field and the potential future clinical uses of sodium MR imaging in the diagnosis, phenotyping, and therapeutic monitoring in neurologic diseases.ESCextracellular sodium concentrationIDHisocitrate dehydrogenaseISCintracellular sodium concentrationNHE1Na+/H+ exchanger isoform 1TSCtotal sodium concentration