Table 1:

Patient demographic data, type of ischemia previous CAS and collateral pathways

FindingNo. of Patients (%)
Sex
    Male52 (80.0)
    Female8 (10.0)
Vascular risk factors and vascular disease
    Hypertension47 (78.3)
    Diabetes mellitus28 (46.7)
    Hyperlipemia41 (68.3)
    Smoke26 (43.3)
    Ischemic cardiopathy16 (26.7)
    Peripheral arterial disease17 (28.3)
Type of ischemia before CAS
    Transient ischemic attack (including amaurosis     fugax)33 (55.0)
    Minor stroke15 (25,0)
    Major stroke (ranking ≥2)11 (18.3)
    Asymptomatic6 (10.0)
Concomitant vasculopathy
    Contralateral ICA stenosis35 (58.3)
    Contralateral ICA occlusion10 (16.7)
    Vertebral artery stenosis10 (16.7)
Collateral pathways
    Ophthalmic14 (23.3)
    Anterior crossflow48 (80.0)
    Posterior33 (55.9)
    Leptomeningeal4 (6.7)

  • Note:—CAS indicates carotid angioplasty stent placement; ICA, internal carotid artery.