Visualization of venous segments on full-dose and half-dose high-spatial-resolution CE-MRV (n = 640)*
| Location | Reader 1 | Reader 2 | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Full-Dose (half-dose) CE-MRV | Full-Dose (half-dose) CE-MRV | |||||
| Mean ± SD | Median | Range | Mean ± SD | Median | Range | |
| Superior sagittal sinus | 4.00 ± 0.00 (4.00 ± 0.00) | 4 (4) | 4–4 (4–4) | 4.00 ± 0.00 (4.00 ± 0.00) | 4 (4) | 4–4 (4–4) |
| Inferior sagittal sinus | 3.45 ± 0.60 (3.40 ± 0.68) | 3.5 (3.5) | 2–4 (2–4) | 3.55 ± 0.60 (3.45 ± 0.69) | 4 (4) | 2–4 (2–4) |
| Transverse sinus | 3.97 ± 0.16 (4.00 ± 0.00) | 4 (4) | 3–4 (4–4) | 4.00 ± 0.00 (4.00 ± 0.00) | 4 (4) | 4–4 (4–4) |
| Sigmoid sinus | 3.97 ± 0.16 (3.97 ± 0.16) | 4 (4) | 3–4 (3–4) | 4.00 ± 0.00 (4.00 ± 0.00) | 4 (4) | 4–4 (4–4) |
| Straight sinus | 3.95 ± 0.22 (3.90 ± 0.31) | 4 (4) | 3–4 (3–4) | 3.90 ± 0.31 (3.95 ± 0.22) | 4 (4) | 3–4 (3–4) |
| Cavernous sinus | 3.72 ± 0.60 (3.70 ± 0.52) | 4 (4) | 2–4 (2–4) | 3.70 ± 0.65 (3.62 ± 0.59) | 4 (4) | 2–4 (2–4) |
| Superior petrosal sinus | 3.05 ± 0.75 (2.97 ± 0.66) | 3 (3) | 1–4 (1–4) | 2.95 ± 0.71 (2.90 ± 0.67) | 3 (3) | 1–4 (1–4) |
| Torcula herophili | 4.00 ± 0.00 (4.00 ± 0.00) | 4 (4) | 4–4 (4–4) | 4.00 ± 0.00 (4.00 ± 0.00) | 4 (4) | 4–4 (4–4) |
| Cortical vein | 3.97 ± 0.16 (3.97 ± 0.16) | 4 (4) | 3–4 (3–4) | 3.92 ± 0.27 (3.95 ± 0.22) | 4 (4) | 3–4 (3–4) |
| Vein of Galen | 3.95 ± 0.22 (3.90 ± 0.31) | 4 (4) | 3–4 (3–4) | 3.90 ± 0.31 (3.85 ± 0.37) | 4 (4) | 3–4 (3–4) |
| Internal cerebral vein | 3.65 ± 0.53 (3.55 ± 0.64) | 4 (4) | 2–4 (2–4) | 3.62 ± 0.54 (3.52 ± 0.64) | 4 (4) | 2–4 (2–4) |
| Middle cerebral vein | 3.25 ± 0.67 (2.37 ± 0.87) | 3 (2) | 2–4 (1–4) | 3.25 ± 0.71 (2.37 ± 0.84) | 3 (2.5) | 2–4 (1–4) |
| Basal vein of Rosenthal | 3.40 ± 0.68 (3.20 ± 0.70) | 3.5 (3) | 2–4 (2–4) | 3.35 ± 0.75 (3.35 ± 0.67) | 3.5 (3) | 2–4 (2–4) |
| Septal vein | 2.95 ± 0.60 (2.35 ± 0.81) | 3 (2) | 2–4 (1–4) | 2.95 ± 0.69 (2.35 ± 0.75) | 3 (2.5) | 2–4 (1–3) |
| Superior cerebellar vein | 2.72 ± 0.60 (2.32 ± 0.76) | 3 (2.5) | 1–4 (1–3) | 2.82 ± 0.68 (2.37 ± 0.77) | 3 (3) | 1–4 (1–4) |
| Posterior tonsillar vein | 2.87 ± 0.56 (2.37 ± 0.63) | 3 (2) | 2–4 (1–3) | 3.00 ± 0.60 (2.45 ± 0.68) | 3 (2.5) | 2–4 (1–4) |
| Inferior vermian vein | 2.70 ± 0.73 (2.15 ± 0.74) | 3 (2) | 2–4 (1–3) | 2.85 ± 0.75 (2.25 ± 0.79) | 3 (2) | 2–4 (1–3) |
| Superior ophthalmic vein | 3.62 ± 0.59 (3.55 ± 0.60) | 4 (4) | 2–4 (2–4) | 3.70 ± 0.52 (3.55 ± 0.55) | 4 (4) | 2–4 (2–4) |
| Thalamostriate vein | 2.67 ± 0.73 (2.25 ± 0.74) | 3 (2) | 1–4 (1–3) | 2.62 ± 0.74 (2.22 ± 0.73) | 3 (2) | 1–4 (1–3) |
| Internal jugular vein | 4.00 ± 0.00 (4.00 ± 0.00) | 4 (4) | 4–4 (4–4) | 4.00 ± 0.00 (4.00 ± 0.00) | 4 (4) | 4–4 (4–4) |
Note:—CE-MRV indicates contrast-enhanced MR venography.
* The 4-point scale for evaluation of visualization of venous segments is as follows: grade 1, not visible; grade 2, partially visible, not sufficient for diagnosis; grade 3, generally homogeneous enhancement and continuity of venous structure, sufficient for diagnosis; and grade 4, excellent image quality with highly homogeneous and continuous enhancement with sharpness of vessel border allowing highly confident diagnosis. There was no significant difference in the vessel delineation scores assigned by the 2 readers (P > .05 for all segments). Analysis with the κ coefficient revealed excellent interobserver agreement for the full-dose (κ = 0.87) and half-dose (κ = 0.85) groups. Delineation scores were significantly lower for the small venous segments, including the middle cerebral, septal, superior cerebellar, inferior vermian, posterior tonsillar, and thalamostriate veins in the half-dose group compared with the single-dose group (P < .01 for all).