Animal and human studies validating CTP
| Study | Subjects | Validation Method | Results | Comments |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Animal Studies | ||||
| Gobbel et al (1991)69 | 25 Healthy dogs | Microspheres | CBF: r = 0.95, P < .05 | |
| Cenic et al (1999)61 | 13 Rabbits | Microspheres | CBF: r = 0.84, P < .001, slope = 0.97 | Deconvolution method |
| Nabavi et al (1999)62 | 5 Healthy and 7 ischemic beagles | Microspheres | Healthy: CBF, r = 0.78, slope = 0.93; ischemic: r = 0.79, slope = 0.97 | Deconvolution method |
| Cenic et al (2000)64 | 9 Rabbits with tumors | Microspheres; postmortem histology | CBF: r = 0.85, P < .001, slope = 0.99 | Deconvolution method |
| Nabavi et al (2001)66 | 7 Ischemic rabbits | CBF: r = 0.95, slope = 1.05 | Deconvolution method | |
| CBV: r = 0.80, slope = 0.49 | ||||
| MTT: r = 0.85, slope = 0.95 | ||||
| Human studies | ||||
| Gillard et al (2000)72 | 2 With gliomas, 6 with AVMs | PET | r2 = 0.52 | Maximal slope method; VPE |
| Wintermark et al (2001)67 | 9 With cerebrovascular disease | Xe-CT | CBF: r2 = 0.79, slope = 0.87 | Deconvolution method |
| Kudo et al (2003)70 | 5 Healthy subjects | PET | CBF: r = 0.69, slope = 1.05 | Deconvolution method; VPE |
| Sase et al (2005)71 | 7 Healthy subjects | Xe-CT | CBF: r2 = 0.46–0.93 depending on the brain region, P < .05, slopes <0.81 or >1.20 | Maximum slope method; VPE; different territories compared |
| Kanazawa et al (2007)29 | 28 Healthy subjects | Xe-CT | CBF: r = 0.61–0.70, P < .01 | Several territories compared |
| Bisdas (2008)73 | 7 With strokes | PET | CBF: r = 0.77, P = .00 | Deconvolution method |
Note:—AVM indicates arteriovenous malformation; PET, positron-emission tomography; Xe-CT, xenon-enhanced CT; VPE, vascular pixel elimination; CBF, cerebral blood flow; MTT, mean transit time.