Anatomic features of the vascular malformations treated
| Patient No. | Nidus Type | Shunt | Fistula | Retrograde Venous Pressurization |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Diffuse | Mixed | N/A | No |
| 2 | N/A | Fistulous | Single-hole | No |
| 3 | N/A | Mixed | Dural-osseous | Reversed flow in deep venous system |
| 4 | Compact | Plexiform | N/A | No |
| 5 | N/A | Mixed | Dural | Cortical venous drainage via cavernous sinus to SOV, facial, and scalp veins |
| 6 | Compact | Mixed | N/A | Reversed flow through deep and superficial veins |
| 7 | Diffuse | Mixed | N/A | No |
| 8 | Diffuse | Fistulous | N/A | No |
| 9 | Compact | Plexiform | N/A | No |
| 10 | Diffuse | Plexiform | N/A | No |
| 11 | Compact | Plexiform | N/A | No |
| 12 | Compact | Plexiform | N/A | No |
| 13 | Compact | Plexiform | N/A | No |
| 14 | Compact | Fistulous | N/A | No |
| 15 | Compact | Plexiform | N/A | No |
Note:—N/A indicates not applicable; SOV, superior ophthalmic vein.