QUADAS tool
| Item | Yes | No | Unclear | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1) | Was the spectrum of patients representative of the patients who will receive the test in practice? | ( ) | ( ) | ( ) |
| 2) | Were selection criteria clearly described? | ( ) | ( ) | ( ) |
| 3) | Is the reference standard likely to correctly classify the target condition? | ( ) | ( ) | ( ) |
| 4) | Is the time period between reference standard and index test short enough to be reasonably sure that the target condition did not change between the 2 tests? | ( ) | ( ) | ( ) |
| 5) | Did the whole sample or a random selection of the sample receive verification using a reference standard of diagnosis? | ( ) | ( ) | ( ) |
| 6) | Did patients receive the same reference standard regardless of the index test result? | ( ) | ( ) | ( ) |
| 7) | Was the reference standard independent of the index test (ie, the index test did not form part of the reference standard)? | ( ) | ( ) | ( ) |
| 8) | Was the execution of the index test described in sufficient detail to permit replication of the test? | ( ) | ( ) | ( ) |
| 9) | Was the execution of the reference standard described in sufficient detail to permit its replication? | ( ) | ( ) | ( ) |
| 10) | Were the index test results interpreted without knowledge of the results of the reference standard? | ( ) | ( ) | ( ) |
| 11) | Were the reference standard results interpreted without knowledge of the results of the index test? | ( ) | ( ) | ( ) |
| 12) | Were the same clinical data available when test results were interpreted as would be available when the test is used in practice? | ( ) | ( ) | ( ) |
| 13) | Were uninterpretable/intermediate test results reported? | ( ) | ( ) | ( ) |
| 14) | Were withdrawals from the study explained? | ( ) | ( ) | ( ) |