Grading scales used
| Extent of calcification of cavernous carotid artery | |
| Grade 0 | No calcification |
| 1 | Dot of calcification |
| 2 | Crescentic area of calcification <90 degrees of carotid wall circumference |
| 3 | Calcification from 90–270 degrees circumference |
| 4 | Calcification 270–360 degrees around carotid circumference |
| Thickness of calcification of cavernous carotid artery | |
| Grade 0 | No calcification |
| 1 | Calcification 1 mm thick |
| 2 | Calcification 2 mm thick |
| 3 | Calcification 3 mm thick |
| 4 | Calcification >3 mm thick |
| White matter disease on fluid-attenuated inversion recovery MR images | |
| Grade 0 | No white matter signal abnormalities |
| 1 | Discontinuous PV rim or minimal “dot” of SC disease |
| 2 | Thin continuous PV rim or few patches of SC disease |
| 3 | Thicker continuous PV rim with scattered patches of SC disease |
| 4 | Thicker shaggier periventricular rim and mild SC disease |
| 5 | Mild PV confluence surrounding the frontal and occipital horns |
| 6 | Moderate PV confluence surrounding the frontal and occipital horns |
| 7 | PV confluence with moderate involvement of the centrum semiovale |
| 8 | PV confluence involving most of the centrum semiovale |
| 9 | All supratentorial white matter involved (excluding the corpus callosum) |
Note.—PV indicates periventricular; SC, subcortical.