Table 1:

Structural comparison between different FDs

FD TypeSizeBraided MicrofilamentsaRadiopaque MicrofilamentsFlared EndMetal CoverageRetrievable
No.Material
Pipeline3–5.5 mm4875% cobalt chromium and 25% platinumNANo30%–35%Yesb
Silk2.5–5 mm48Nickel-titanium alloy4 Platinum wiresYes35%–55%Yes
Surpass2.5–5 mm2.5 mm (36)Cobalt-chromium12 Platinum wiresNo30%NA
3 and 4 mm (60)
5 mm (84)
FRED2.5–5.5 mmInner layer (48)Nickel-titanium alloy2 Tantalum wiresYesNAYes
Outer layer (16)
Tubridge2.5–6.5 mm<3.5 mm (46)Nickel-titanium alloy2 Platinum-iridium wiresYes30%–35%Yes
≥3.5 mm (62)
  • Note:—NA indicates not applicable.

  • a Braided microfilaments in this table mean those main wires excluding microfilaments especially for radiopaque usage.

  • b Pipeline Flex embolization devices are retrievable.