Clinical and imaging characteristics of patients with cervical seat belt sign
| Characteristics | |
|---|---|
| No. (% female) | |
| Adult | 535 (67.6) |
| Pediatric | 32 (56.2) |
| Total | 567 (67.0) |
| Age (mean) [SD] (range) (yr) | |
| Adult | 42.2 [SD, 18.4], (18–91) |
| Pediatric | 13.0 [SD, 4.0], (6–17) |
| Mean GCS [SD] (No.) | 14.9 [SD, 0.8], (519) |
| On-scene LOC (No.) (%) | |
| No | 400 (70.5) |
| Yes | 65 (11.5) |
| Unclear or amnesic to the event | 51 (9.0) |
| Clinical data not available | 51 (9.0) |
| Neurologic deficit (No.) (%) | |
| New FND | 6 (1.1) |
| New FND inconsistent with head | |
| CT/MR imaging | 3 (0.5) |
| Clinical data not available | 41 (7.2) |
| Associated traumatic findings (No.) | |
| Fractures | |
| Skull | 2 |
| Midface (maxilla, mandible) | 5 |
| Cervical vertebrae (only C1–3) | 20 (6) |
| First rib or clavicle | 20 |
| Upper ribs (2–4) | 35 |
| Lower ribs (5–12) | 10 |
| Sternum | 30 |
| Upper thoracic vertebra | 10 |
| Cervical ligamentous injury | 3 |
| Scalp/neck hematoma | 7/7 |
| Thoracic vascular injuries Intracranial hemorrhage | 113 |
| No additional finding per patient (%) | 450 (79.4) |
| At least 1 additional findinga (%) | 117 (20.6) |
| No. of patients with BCV (%) | 12 (2.1) |
↵a Including a new FND, a GCS score of <8, or any of the above-listed associated traumatic findings to the head, neck, or chest.