Clinical and Imaging Dagnostic Criteria to Differentiate Etiologies of Refractory Thrombectomy
| ICAD | IAD | Recalcitrant Embolus | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Demographics | Age ≥ 65 Years | Age ≤ 55 Years | Any age |
| Presentations/Risk Factors | ≥3 Vascular risk factors: hypertension, diabetes mellitus, hyperlipidemia, prior stroke/TIA, smoking | Trauma, acute headache, neck pain | Atrial fibrillation Embolic infarcts: >1 Vascular territory Cardiac surgery |
| Imaging Findings | Multivessel disease Peripheral vascular calcifications (extracranial and intracranial ICA) | Intimal flap Double lumen | Calcified embolus |
| Interventional Findings | No stent normalization | Stent normalization | No stent normalization |
| Residual stenosis >50% | Residual stenosis <50% | Residual stenosis >50% >3 Passes |