Cerebellum | Right Basal Ganglia | Right Frontal Lobe | Pair-Wise Comparisons (P Value) | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
C vs RBG | C vs RF | RBG vs RF | ||||
Metabolites | ||||||
GABA+ | 2.56 (SD, 0.1) | 2.25 (SD, 0.1) | 1.63 (SD, 0.1) | ↑.04 | ↑<.001 | ↑<.001 |
Glx | 5.95 (SD, 0.2) | 5.68 (SD, 0.3) | 4.33 (SD, 0.3) | NS | ↑<.001 | ↑<.001 |
NAA | 3.84 (SD, 0.1) | 6.72 (SD, 0.2) | 4.31 (SD, 0.2) | ↓<.001 | ↓.05 | ↑<.001 |
Cr | 6.67 (SD, 0.1) | 6.72 (SD, 0.2) | 3.64 (SD, 0.2) | NS | ↑<.001 | ↑<.001 |
Cho | 3.08 (SD, 0.1) | 2.33 (SD, 0.1) | 1.88 (SD, 0.1) | ↑<.001 | ↑<.001 | ↑<.001 |
Glu | 3.80 (SD, 0.2) | 3.78 (SD, 0.2) | 3.07 (SD, 0.2) | NS | ↑.006 | ↑.02 |
Gln | 2.55 (SD, 0.1) | 1.95 (SD, 0.2) | 1.72 (SD, 0.2) | ↑.005 | ↑<.001 | NS |
GSH | 1.89 (SD, 0.1) | 1.23 (SD, 0.1) | 1.05 (SD, 0.1) | ↑<.001 | ↑<.001 | NS |
mIns | 8.02 (SD, 0.3) | 5.10 (SD, 0.3) | 6.05 (SD, 0.3) | ↑<.001 | ↑<.001 | ↓.017 |
Metabolite ratios | ||||||
GABA+/Cho | 0.85 (SD, 0.4) | 0.97 (SD, 0.0) | 0.86 (SD, 0.4) | ↑.03 | NS | NS |
Glx/Cho | 1.97 (SD, 0.1) | 2.53 (SD, 0.1) | 2.26 (SD, 0.1) | ↓<.001 | ↓.004 | ↑.026 |
NAA/Cho | 1.31 (SD, 0.0) | 3.00 (SD, 0.1) | 2.34 (SD, 0.0) | ↓<.001 | ↓<.001 | ↑<.001 |
Cr/Cho | 2.18 (SD, 0.0) | 2.96 (SD, 0.1) | 1.96 (SD, 0.0) | ↓<.001 | ↑<.001 | ↑<.001 |
GABA+/Glx | 0.45 (SD, 0.2) | 0.39 (SD, 0.0) | 0.41 (SD, 0.2) | NS | NS | NS |
Note:—↑ indicates higher than; ↓, lower than; C, cerebellum; RBG, right basal ganglia; RF, right frontal lobe; GLN, glutamine.
↵a Metabolites are marginal means (SD, standard error, in international units) adjusted for PMA. Metabolites are the following: n = 38 for the cerebellum, n = 30 for the right basal ganglia, and n = 38 for the right frontal lobe. Metabolite ratios are the following: cerebellum (n = 51), right basal ganglia (n = 36), and left frontal lobe (n = 48).