Clinical characteristics of the study population
| Variables | All Patients (n = 175) | First-Time Stroke Group (n = 100) | Recurrent-Stroke Group (n = 75) | P Valuea |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (mean) (yr) | 59 (SD, 12) | 57 (SD, 13) | 61 (SD, 10) | .13 |
| Sex (male) (%) | 115 (65.7) | 68 (68.0) | 47 (62.7) | .46 |
| Hypertension (No.) (%) | 145 (82.9) | 85 (85.0) | 60 (80.0) | .39 |
| Diabetes mellitus (No.) (%) | 74 (42.3) | 38 (38.0) | 36 (48.0) | .19 |
| Coronary heart disease (No.) (%) | 35 (20.0) | 23 (23.0) | 12 (16.0) | .25 |
| Hyperlipidemia (No.) (%) | 68 (38.9) | 37 (37.0) | 31 (41.3) | .56 |
| Systolic blood pressure (median) (IQR) (mm Hg) | 150 (135–163) | 146 (131–162) | 153 (140–167) | .13 |
| Diastolic blood pressure (median) (IQR) (mm Hg) | 87 (79–95) | 87 (78–96) | 87 (80–93) | .98 |
| Smoking (No.) (%) | 83 (47.4) | 49 (49.0) | 34 (45.3) | .63 |
| Preadmission statin use (No.) (%)b | 24 (13.7) | 7 (7.0) | 17 (22.7) | .003 |
| Onset-to-HR-VWI time (median) (IQR) (days) | 10 (6–15) | 11 (6–15) | 10 (6–15) | .93 |
| Admission NIHSS score (median) (IQR) | 2 (1–4) | 2 (1–4) | 3 (2–4) | .11 |
| White blood cell count (median) (IQR) (109/L) | 7.2 (6.2–8.3) | 7.4 (6.4–8.5) | 7.1 (5.9–8.3) | .19 |
| Fasting blood glucose level (median) (IQR) (mmol/L) | 5.8 (4.9–7.9) | 5.8 (4.8–7.8) | 5.8(5.1–8.0) | .65 |
| Total cholesterol level (mean) (mmol/L) | 4.6 (SD, 1.1) | 4.6 (SD, 1.0) | 4.7 (SD, 1.2) | .68 |
| High-density lipoprotein level (median) (IQR) (mmol/L) | 1.0 (0.9–1.2) | 1.0 (0.9–1.2) | 1.0 (0.9–1.2) | .99 |
| Low-density lipoprotein level (mean) (mmol/L) | 3.1 (SD, 0.9) | 3.1 (SD, 0.8) | 3.0 (SD, 1.0) | .37 |
| Triglyceride level (median) (IQR) (mmol/L) | 1.5 (1.2–2.0) | 1.4 (1.1–2.0) | 1.5 (1.2–2.0) | .97 |
| Stroke territories | .96 | |||
| Anterior circulation (No.) (%) | 124 (70.9) | 71 (71.0) | 53 (70.7) | |
| Posterior circulation (No.) (%) | 51 (29.1) | 29 (29.0) | 22 (29.3) |