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Differential diagnosis of posterior fossa tumours in children: new insights

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Abstract

Central nervous system neoplasms are the most common solid tumours that develop in children, with the greatest proportion located in the infratentorium. The 2016 World Health Organization Central Nervous System tumour classification evolved from the 2007 edition with the integration of molecular and genetic profiling into the diagnosis, the addition of new entities and the removal of others. Radiology can assist with the subtyping of tumours from certain characteristics described below to provide prognostic information and guide further management. The latest insights into the radiologic characteristics of these posterior fossa tumours are presented below: medulloblastoma, ependymoma, pilocytic astrocytoma, embryonal tumours with multilayered rosettes, atypical teratoid rhabdoid tumours, diffuse midline glioma and the new entity of diffuse leptomeningeal glioneuronal tumours.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Unit of Paediatric Neuroradiology, Department of Radiology, Great Ormond Street Hospital NHS Trust, Great Ormond St, London, WC1N 3JH, UK

    Felice D’Arco, Faraan Khan & Kshitij Mankad

  2. Department of Neurosurgery, Toronto Western Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada

    Mario Ganau

  3. Department of Diagnostic Imaging, Hospital VIAMED, Santa Angela de la Cruz, Sevilla, Spain

    Pablo Caro-Dominguez

  4. Lysholm Department of Neuroradiology, National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, London, UK

    Sotirios Bisdas

Authors
  1. Felice D’Arco
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  2. Faraan Khan
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  3. Kshitij Mankad
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  4. Mario Ganau
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  5. Pablo Caro-Dominguez
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  6. Sotirios Bisdas
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Correspondence to Felice D’Arco.

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D’Arco, F., Khan, F., Mankad, K. et al. Differential diagnosis of posterior fossa tumours in children: new insights. Pediatr Radiol 48, 1955–1963 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00247-018-4224-7

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00247-018-4224-7

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