Management of low grade optic glioma in children and adolescents remains controversial. Treatment with chemotherapy may delay or eliminate the need for radiation therapy. Children with newly diagnosed optic chiasm glioma were eligible for enrollment in this phase II trial and received intravenous carboplatin (CBDCA) (560 mg/m2) every four weeks. Patients were monitored closely for toxicity and tumor status. Twelve children were enrolled. Six patients had stable disease, four a partial response and two progressed on therapy. Overall progression free survival was 83 +/- 11%. The median duration of follow-up was 38.6 months (range 18-63 months). No deaths were noted in our series. Thrombocytopenia was the major toxicity, and two patients required platelet transfusions. One child developed an urticarial reaction requiring discontinuation of therapy. Another child developed unilateral high frequency hearing loss. No renal toxicity was encountered. We have demonstrated that carboplatin can eliminate or delay radiation therapy in children and adolescents with low grade optic glioma. CBDCA deserves further investigation in larger clinical trials as a treatment for children with optic chiasm glioma.