Patients with mild traumatic brain injury: immediate and long-term outcome compared to intra-cranial injuries on CT scan

Brain Inj. 2006 Oct;20(11):1131-7. doi: 10.1080/02699050600832569.

Abstract

Background: Mild traumatic brain injury (MTBI) defined as Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) 14 or 15 has shown contradictory short- and long-term outcomes. The objective of this study was to correlate intra-cranial injuries (ICI) on CT scan to neurocognitive tests at admission and to complaints after 1 year.

Methods: Two hundred and five patients with MTBI underwent a CT scan and were examined with neurocognitive tests. After 1 year complaints were assessed by phone interviews.

Results: The neurocognitive tests in 51% of the patients showed significant deficits; there was no difference for patients with GCS 14-15, nor was there a difference between patients with ICI to patients without. After 1 year patients with ICI had significantly more complaints than patients without ICI, the most frequent complaint was headache and memory deficits.

Conclusions: No correlation was found between GCS or ICI and the neurocognitive tests upon admission. After 1 year, patients with ICI have significantly more complaints than patients without ICI. No cost savings resulted by doing immediate CT scan on all.

MeSH terms

  • Adolescent
  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Aged, 80 and over
  • Brain Injuries / diagnostic imaging
  • Brain Injuries / economics
  • Brain Injuries / psychology
  • Brain Injuries / rehabilitation*
  • Employment
  • Female
  • Follow-Up Studies
  • Glasgow Coma Scale
  • Health Care Costs
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Neuropsychological Tests
  • Prognosis
  • Prospective Studies
  • Skull Fractures / diagnostic imaging
  • Skull Fractures / rehabilitation
  • Tomography, X-Ray Computed / economics
  • Treatment Outcome