Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy: serial high-b-value diffusion-weighted MR imaging and apparent diffusion coefficient measurements to assess response to highly active antiretroviral therapy

AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 2007 Feb;28(2):285-6.

Abstract

A patient with human immunodeficiency virus-related posterior fossa progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy had serial diffusion-weighted imaging using b-values of 1000 and 3000 before and during highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART). High-b-value images provided a superior definition of the leading edge of the lesion and additional information about the integrity of white matter tracts. Following HAART, there was a marked reduction of lesional apparent diffusion coefficient and reconstitution of anisotropy in the affected middle cerebellar peduncle.

Publication types

  • Case Reports

MeSH terms

  • Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome / complications
  • Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome / drug therapy*
  • Adenine / administration & dosage
  • Adenine / analogs & derivatives
  • Adult
  • Anti-HIV Agents / administration & dosage
  • Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active*
  • Brain / pathology
  • Diffusion
  • Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging*
  • HIV Protease Inhibitors / administration & dosage
  • Humans
  • Leukoencephalopathy, Progressive Multifocal / drug therapy*
  • Leukoencephalopathy, Progressive Multifocal / pathology*
  • Leukoencephalopathy, Progressive Multifocal / virology
  • Lopinavir
  • Male
  • Organophosphonates / administration & dosage
  • Pyrimidinones / administration & dosage
  • Ritonavir / administration & dosage
  • Tenofovir
  • Zidovudine / administration & dosage

Substances

  • Anti-HIV Agents
  • HIV Protease Inhibitors
  • Organophosphonates
  • Pyrimidinones
  • Lopinavir
  • Zidovudine
  • Tenofovir
  • Adenine
  • Ritonavir