Grading of carotid artery stenosis in the presence of extensive calcifications: dual-energy CT angiography in comparison with contrast-enhanced MR angiography

Clin Neuroradiol. 2015 Mar;25(1):33-40. doi: 10.1007/s00062-013-0276-0. Epub 2013 Dec 17.

Abstract

Purpose: We investigated the agreement of dual-energy computed tomography angiography (DE-CTA) and contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance angiography (CE-MRA)in the quantitative measurement of stenoses of the internal carotid artery in comparison with digital subtraction angiography (DSA).

Methods: A total of 21 patients with stenoses of the external carotid artery were investigated with a DE-CTA and CE-MRA before undergoing carotid angioplasty. The grade of the stenoses was assessed in axial multiplanar reformations (MPR) before and multi-intensity projections (MIP) after plaque subtraction (PS) and compared with results from CE-MRA and DSA according to the North American Symptomatic Carotid Endarterectomy Trial.

Results: Average grades of stenoses were 80.7 ± 16.1 % (DSA), 81.4 ± 15.3 % (MRA), 80.0 ± 16.7 % (DE-CTA-MPR), and 85.2 ± 14.7 % (DE-CTA-PS-MIP). Of 21 stenoses, 6 were filiform (stenosis grade, 99 %) in the DSA examination. Five of these cases were identified as pseudo-occlusions in MRA, while four were considered as occlusions in DE-CTA-PS-MIP. Another four cases were identified as pseudo-occlusion in DE-CTA-PS-MIP, which were identified as 90 % stenosis in the DSA examination.

Conclusions: In comparison with the gold standard DSA, DE-CTA-MPR had a slightly better agreement in measuring the degree of stenosis of the internal carotid arteries than CE-MRA. In DE-CTA-PS-MIP images, a systematic overestimation has to be taken into account due to partial extinction of the lumen by the PS algorithm. Nevertheless, DE-CTA should be preferred in imaging patients with carotid artery stenosis in the presence of extensive calcifications.

Publication types

  • Comparative Study
  • Randomized Controlled Trial
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Aged
  • Aged, 80 and over
  • Calcinosis / complications
  • Calcinosis / diagnosis*
  • Carotid Stenosis / complications
  • Carotid Stenosis / diagnosis*
  • Contrast Media
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted / methods*
  • Magnetic Resonance Angiography / methods*
  • Male
  • Meglumine / analogs & derivatives
  • Middle Aged
  • Organometallic Compounds
  • Radiography, Dual-Energy Scanned Projection / methods*
  • Reproducibility of Results
  • Sensitivity and Specificity
  • Severity of Illness Index
  • Tomography, X-Ray Computed / methods*

Substances

  • Contrast Media
  • Organometallic Compounds
  • gadobenic acid
  • Meglumine