CT perfusion diagnoses delayed cerebral ischemia in the early stage of the time-window after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage

J Neuroradiol. 2017 Sep;44(5):313-318. doi: 10.1016/j.neurad.2016.12.013. Epub 2017 Feb 23.

Abstract

Background and purpose: It has been acknowledged that delayed cerebral ischemia (DCI) after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) can be diagnosed by CT perfusion (CTP) in the DCI time-window. We evaluated the diagnostic accuracy of CTP for DCI during the early stage of the time-window.

Materials and methods: We prospectively enrolled patients with aneurysmal SAH. DCI was defined as both new cerebral infarction and clinical deterioration after SAH. CTP was performed by using a standardized protocol with predefined regions of interest in 4 to 6 days after SAH. We quantitatively evaluated the diagnostic accuracy of eight CTP parameters (4 for absolute parameters and 4 for relative parameters). The receiver operator characteristic (ROC) curves of all parameters were generated and the optimal threshold values were derived for the calculation of sensitivities and specificities.

Results: Fifty-three patients were enrolled and 20 patients were diagnosed with DCI. In the analysis of absolute CTP parameters, CBF and MTT had areas under the curve (AUC) >0.75 and the optimal threshold value was 40.4mL/100g/min and 3.78seconds, respectively. Through the evaluation of relative CTP parameters, all 4 parameters had AUC >0.75 and the optimal threshold value was 0.9 for CBV ratio, 0.85 for CBF ratio, 0.32seconds for MTT difference and 1.31seconds for TTP difference.

Conclusions: Besides two absolute CTP parameters (CBV and TTP), all six CTP parameters can be used as good diagnostic tests for DCI in the early stage of the time-window.

Keywords: CT perfusion; Delayed cerebral ischemia; Diagnostic threshold values; Subarachnoid hemorrhage.

MeSH terms

  • Angiography, Digital Subtraction
  • Brain Ischemia / diagnostic imaging*
  • Brain Ischemia / etiology
  • Cerebral Angiography
  • Cerebrovascular Circulation
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Prospective Studies
  • Radiographic Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted
  • Risk Factors
  • Sensitivity and Specificity
  • Subarachnoid Hemorrhage / complications
  • Subarachnoid Hemorrhage / diagnostic imaging*
  • Time Factors