Variations of the vascular structures related with the temporal bone may cause important problems in diagnosis, treatment planning and surgery. High resolution computed tomography (CT) scans of 700 temporal bones of 350 patients were retrospectively examined for the incidence of dehiscent jugular bulb, high jugular bulb, diverticulum of jugular bulb, anteriorly located sigmoid sinus and dehiscent internal carotid artery. Dehiscent jugular bulb was seen in 27 (3.9%), high jugular bulb was seen in 142 (20.3%), jugular bulb diverticulum was seen in 55 cases (7.9%). The average distance between external acoustic canal and sigmoid sinus was found to be 13.3 mm and in 12.4% of the cases this distance was < 10 mm. Of 700 temporal bones, 10 (1.4%) showed dehiscent carotid canal. To aid diagnosis, treatment planning and surgery, CT scanning is currently a very reliable tool in determining these conditions. Special attention should be paid to the position of the vascular structures in the preoperative temporal bone CT scans.