The 2016 World Health Organization Classification of Tumors of the Central Nervous System
is both a conceptual and practical advance over its 2007 predecessor. For the first time, the …

The fifth edition of the WHO Classification of Tumors of the Central Nervous System (CNS),
published in 2021, is the sixth version of the international standard for the classification of …

Childhood tumors containing cells that are morphologically and functionally similar to normal
progenitor cells provide fertile ground for investigating the links between development and …

Medulloblastoma, a small blue cell malignancy of the cerebellum, is a major cause of morbidity
and mortality in pediatric oncology. Current mechanisms for clinical prognostication and …

Medulloblastoma is heterogeneous, being characterized by molecular subgroups that
demonstrate distinct gene expression profiles. Activation of the WNT or SHH signaling pathway …

Accurate pathological diagnosis is crucial for optimal management of patients with cancer.
For the approximately 100 known tumour types of the central nervous system, standardization …

Huntington's disease (HD) is an autosomal dominant neurological disorder characterized
by progressive chorea, cognitive impairment and emotional disturbance 1 . The disease …

Background The prevalence and spectrum of predisposing mutations among children and
adolescents with cancer are largely unknown. Knowledge of such mutations may improve the …

Medulloblastoma is the most common malignant brain tumor in childhood. Molecular studies
from several groups around the world demonstrated that medulloblastoma is not one …

Ependymal tumors across age groups are currently classified and graded solely by histopathology.
It is, however, commonly accepted that this classification scheme has limited clinical …