The 2010 McDonald criteria for the diagnosis of multiple sclerosis are widely used in research
and clinical practice. Scientific advances in the past 7 years suggest that they might no …

… F. Barkhof serves as a consultant for Bayer-Schering Pharma, Sanofi-Aventis, Biogen Idec,
Teva, Merck Serono, Novartis, Roche, Synthon, and Jansen Research. B. Bebo reports no …

We compared MRI criteria used to predict conversion of suspected multiple sclerosis to
clinically definite multiple sclerosis. Seventy-four patients with clinically isolated neurological …

Cerebral small vessel disease (SVD) is a common accompaniment of ageing. Features
seen on neuroimaging include recent small subcortical infarcts, lacunes, white matter …

Functional MRI (fMRI) can be applied to study the functional connectivity of the human brain.
It has been suggested that fluctuations in the blood oxygenation level-dependent (BOLD) …

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has shown a great reduction in medial temporal lobe
and hippocampal volume of patients with Alzheimer's disease as compared to controls. …

Background and Purpose—MRI is more sensitive than CT for detection of age-related white
matter changes (ARWMC). Most rating scales estimate the degree and distribution of …

Normal aging is associated with cognitive decline. Functions such as attention, information
processing, and working memory are compromised. It has been hypothesized that not only …

Background Fingolimod (FTY720), a sphingosine-1-phosphate–receptor modulator that
prevents lymphocyte egress from lymph nodes, showed clinical efficacy and improvement on …

Background Alzheimer’s disease is a progressive, irreversible, and fatal disease for which
accumulation of amyloid beta is thought to play a key role in pathogenesis. Aducanumab is a …