Background Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus in the gut have been suggested to have a
beneficial effect on stress response and depressive disorder. We examined whether these …

The present study had two aims. The first was to evaluate the reliability and the validity of
the Japanese version of the World Health Organization (WHO)‐Five Well‐Being Index (WHO‐5…

Clinical and animal studies suggested that a medium-chain triglyceride (MCT)-based ketogenic
diet provides an alternative energy substrate to the brain and has neuroprotective effects…

Elevated peripheral levels of interleukin-6 (IL-6) are common findings in schizophrenia and
depression. However, previous studies that measured cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) IL-6 levels …

Peripheral artery disease (PAD) generates tissue ischemia through arterial occlusions and
insufficient collateral vessel formation. Vascular insufficiency in PAD occurs despite higher …

Adipose tissue secretes protein factors that have systemic actions on cardiovascular tissues.
Previous studies have shown that ablation of the adipocyte-secreted protein adiponectin …

To examine the effects of higher mental activity on the EEG, 480 Japanese patients with
different types of epilepsy were subjected to potentially provocative cognitive tasking, termed `…

Multi-channel near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) is a noninvasive, on-the-spot, functional
neuroimaging technique allowing detection of the spatiotemporal characteristics of brain …

Background— Hypoandrogenemia is associated with an increased risk of ischemic diseases.
Because actions of androgens are exerted through androgen receptor (AR) activation, we …

Objectives: To identify factors independently associated with depression in Japanese patients
with diabetes, after controlling for potential confounding factors. Methods: Among 197 …