BACKGROUND Ventriculoperitoneal shunt (VP-shunt) is the standard of treatment for
idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus (iNPH). However, a thorough investigation of VP-shunt …

Object The pterygopalatine fossa is an area that lies deep within the skull base. The recent
extensive use of the endoscopic endonasal approach has provided neurosurgeons with a …

Background Intraoperative high-field magnetic resonance imaging (iMRI) is used as an
immediate intraoperative quality control, evaluating the extent of tumor removal during the …

OBJECTIVE: The endoscopic endonasal approach offers the opportunity to reach the
pterygopalatine fossa, the lateral recess of the sphenoid sinus, and other areas of the cranial base …

OBJECTIVE: Osteomas arising from the internal auditory canal and developing in the
cerebellopontine angle have rarely been reported. We present the first case of bilateral osteomas …

Erdheim-Chester disease (ECD) is non-Langerhans histiocytosis that can affect multiple organ
systems. It usually affects middle-aged patients, and only a few reports of ECD in children …

Atypical teratoid/rhabdoid tumor (AT/RT) is a highly malignant central nervous system tumor
predominantly occurring in infants that may also arise in older children and adults. Rare …

The gap between HICs and LMICs in the capability of fulfilling the surgical needs of their
population has been fully recognized and quantified in a recent Lancet Commission on Global …

Background Considering the separate benefits of neuronavigation and neuroendoscopy,
neuroendoscopic surgery with the aid of neuronavigation systems will play an increasingly …

OBJECTIVE: Most of the endoscopes used for endonasal transsphenoidal surgery use 4-mm
diameter lenses. The applicability of a newly developed neuroendoscope with a lens …