Cavernous sinuses are paired interconnected venous plexuses situated in the floor of the
middle cranial fossa on either side of the sella turcica and sphenoid sinus. They are lined by …

High‐resolution computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) have
become indispensable tools for the evaluation of conditions involving the head and neck …

Our aim was to review the imaging findings of relatively common lesions involving the
cavernous sinus (CS), such as neoplastic, inflammatory, and vascular ones. The most …

An isolated ocular motor nerve palsy is defined as dysfunction of a single ocular motor nerve
(oculomotor, trochlear, or abducens) with no associated or localizing neurologic signs or …

Magnetic resonance (MR) imaging is the method of choice to evaluate the cranial nerves.
Although the skull base foramina can be seen on CT, the nerves themselves can only be …

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: 3D-constructive interference in steady state (3D-CISS)
sequence has been used to assess the CSF pathways. The aim of this study was to …

Although long used for the evaluation of the course of the cranial nerves (CNs) within the
subarachnoid space, 1 the recognition of the utility of enhancement on postcontrast …

A review of MRI findings in seven patients with Tolosa–Hunt syndrome was carried out.
Seven patients presented with unilateral painful ophthalmoplegia. Magnetic resonance …

Horizontal eye movements are conducted by the medial rectus and the lateral rectus
muscles, which are innervated by the oculomotor nerve (cranial nerve III) and the abducens …

The 12 pairs of cranial nerves (CNs) arise directly from the brain within the cranial vault (with
the exception of spinal rootlets of CN XI, which arises from the rostral cervical spine). The …