CYTOGENETIC abnormalities of chromosome 9p21 are characteristic of malignant melanomas
1,2 , gliomas 3 , lung cancers 4 and leukaemias 5 . From a panel of 46 human malignant …

Background & Aims : We tested whether the attenuation of experimental colitis by live probiotic
bacteria is due to their immunostimulatory DNA, whether toll-like receptor (TLR) signaling …

Small‐bowel capsule endoscopy ( SBCE ) is used widely because of its non‐invasive and
patient‐friendly nature. SBCE can visualize entire small‐intestinal mucosa and facilitate …

Objective To determine the role of a novel T cell–derived cytokine, interleukin‐17 (IL‐17),
which activates fibroblasts and endothelial cells, in the pathogenesis of systemic sclerosis (SSc…

The comprehension of the glymphatic system, a postulated mechanism responsible for the
removal of interstitial solutes within the central nervous system (CNS), has witnessed …

Dendritic cells (DCs) are capable of cross-presenting exogenous Ag to CD8+ CTLs.
Detection of microbial products by Toll-like receptors (TLRs) leads to activation of DCs and …

Epidemiological evidence points to the inverse relationship between microbial exposure and
the prevalence of allergic asthma and autoimmune diseases in Westernized countries. The …

Background: Allergen immunotherapy is inconvenient and associated with the risk of
anaphylaxis. Efforts to improve the safety of immunotherapy by means of chemical modification of …

BACKGROUND & AIMS: Impaired mucosal barrier, cytokine imbalancE. and dysregulated
CD4 + T cells play important roles in the pathogenesis of experimental colitis and human …

Adenosine agonists inhibit TNF-alpha production in macrophage and monocytes, but the
mechanism is unknown. Therefore, we studied the human macrophage cell line U937 to …