Immune checkpoint inhibitors are antibodies, which enhance cellular and humoral immune
responses and are approved for the treatment of various tumors. Immune-related adverse …

As the burden of neurodegenerative diseases increases, time-limited clinic encounters do not
allow quantification of complex neurological functions. Patient-collected digital biomarkers …

While autopsy studies identify many abnormalities in the central nervous system (CNS) of
subjects dying with neurological diseases, without their quantification in living subjects across …

BACKGROUND Serum neurofilament light chain (sNFL) is becoming an important biomarker
of neuro-axonal injury. Though sNFL correlates with CSF NFL (cNFL), 40% to 60% of …

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: The relationship between lesion formation and brain
atrophy development in the early phase of multiple sclerosis is unclear. We investigated the …

While current treatments of multiple sclerosis (MS) effectively inhibit formation of focal
lesions and relapses, most patients experience progression independent of relapse activity (PIRA). …

This review presents current knowledge on the molecular biology of retinoblastoma (RB).
Retinoblastoma is an intraocular tumor with hereditary and sporadic forms. 8,000 new cases of …

The inability to measure putative pathogenic processes in the central nervous system (CNS)
of living subjects precludes the determination of their temporal distribution, intra-individual …

Composite MRI scales of central nervous system tissue destruction correlate stronger with
clinical outcomes than their individual components in multiple sclerosis (MS) patients. Using …

Introduction Both aging and multiple sclerosis (MS) cause central nervous system (CNS)
atrophy. Excess brain atrophy in MS has been interpreted as “accelerated aging.” Current …