Drug transporters are expressed in many tissues such as the intestine, liver, kidney, and brain,
and play key roles in drug absorption, distribution, and excretion. The information on the …

Indoxyl sulfate is markedly accumulated in the serum of patients with chronic kidney disease
(CKD). The oral sorbent AST-120 reduces the serum levels of indoxyl sulfate in CKD …

… I, Niwa T. Molecular insights into preventive effect of AST-120 on the progression of renal
failure. Clin Exp Nephrol, 2001; 5: 209–216. 21) Aoyama I, Niwa T. An … K, Niwa T. Combination …

… We also detected two homozygous missense mutations—650 C → T (in exon 3) and 894
G → T (in exon 5)—which lead to, respectively, the substitution of threonine by methionine (…

Nanospheres with d,l-lactide/glycolide copolymer (PLGA) were prepared as a biodegradable
polymeric carrier for both water-soluble and insoluble drugs by a novel spontaneous …

Objective— Atherosclerosis is considered to be a chronic inflammatory disease and many
cytokines participate in the development of atherosclerosis. We focused on the role of …

Hollow microspheres (microballoons), loaded with drug in their outer polymer shells, were
prepared by a novel emulsion–solvent diffusion method. The ethanokdichloromethane …

… To conclude that inflammation is indispensable for methylation induction, we suppressed
HP-induced inflammation by administration of CsA, which blocks T-cell activation through …

… Symbols represent mean t standard deviation (sd) of three … Nambu, and T. Nagai. Mucosal
dosage form of was compared … mechanisms of drug absorption from polymer-coated lipo- T P. …

… Serum and urine concentrations of indoxyl sulfate were measured by the method of Niwa et
al. I3 … Differences between two groups were compared by using unpaired or paired t tests as …