The evolution of land flora transformed the terrestrial environment. Land plants evolved from
an ancestral charophycean alga from which they inherited developmental, biochemical, and …

Exchange factors for ARF GTPases (ARF-GEFs) regulate vesicle trafficking in a variety of
organisms. The Arabidopsis protein GNOM is a brefeldin A (BFA) sensitive ARF-GEF that is …

In all eucaryotic cells, specific vesicle fusion during vesicular transport is mediated by
membraneassociated proteins called SNAREs (soluble N-ethyl-maleimide sensitive factor …

Ara6 of Arabidopsis thaliana is a novel member of the Rab/Ypt GTPase family with unique
structural features. It resembles Rab5 GTPases best, but lacks a large part of the C‐terminal …

BACKGROUND: To alleviate the invasiveness of surgical treatment for thoracic aortic aneurysm
or dissection involving the distal arch, we developed a new method of implanting a graft …

Background: In contrast to the intense attention devoted to research on intracellular sterol
trafficking in animal cells, knowledge about sterol transport in plant cells remains limited, and …

Many painful inflammatory and ischemic conditions such as rheumatoid arthritis, cardiac
ischemia, and exhausted skeletal muscles are accompanied by local tissue acidosis. In such …

Strigolactones (SLs) are phytohormones that inhibit shoot branching and function in the
rhizospheric communication with symbiotic fungi and parasitic weeds. An α/β-hydrolase protein, …

We have recently purified to near homogeneity a novel type of regulatory protein for the rho
proteins, ras p21-like small GTP-binding proteins, from bovine brain cytosol. This regulatory …

An embryological study on 18 human embryos and fetuses demonstrated that the myenteric
plexus was formed by neuroblasts which were distributed to the alimentary tract by cranio-…